Common taxonomic synonyms are listed in the 

 catalog to identify invalid names found in nurs- 

 ery catalogs and in the horticultural and botani- 

 cal literature, such as the following: 



Cladrastis lutea* (Michx.f.) K. Koch = 



C. kentukea (Dum.-Cours.) Rudd 

 Magnolia Joetida (L.) Sarg. = M. grandiflora L. 

 Rhododendron nudijlorum (L.) Torr. = 



R.periclymenoides (Michx.) Shinners 

 Rhododendron metternichii Sieb. & Zucc. = 



R. degronianum Carr. ssp. heptamerum 



(Maxim.) Hara 

 Rhododendron roseum (Loisel.) Rehd. = 



R.prinophyllum (Small) Millais. 



Vernacular (Common) Names 



The botanical (Latin-form) names and registered 

 cultivar names of plants have universal applica- 

 tion in the world scientific community. They are, 

 moreover, instructive in many ways. By con- 

 trast, vernacular names are simply names of 

 convenience for local application. Over a wide 

 area some plants may have several common 

 names, all of equal value, as in laurel magnolia, 

 bay, sweet bay, swamp bay, beaver tree, and 

 laurel for Magnolia virginiana. Some plants, 

 especially the exotics, are often without a com- 

 mon name until one is invented. In this catalog 

 we include one or two common names in general 

 use for many of the listed plants. These names 

 are summarized in Appendix E. 



While there are problems associated with com- 

 mon names, many people prefer the vernacular. 

 Some complain about Latin names of plants as 

 too awkward and difficult to pronounce. Ap- 

 proached with an open mind, scientific names 

 are not difficult. Familiar names used in the 

 vernacular, such as anemone, catalpa, chrysan- 

 themum, gladiolus, iris, magnolia, petunia, 

 phlox, rhododendron, sassafras, wisteria, yucca, 

 and zinnia are, in fact, Latin genus names that 

 have entered vernacular usage. 



Once established, common names are often 

 useful and convenient for trees such as Douglas 

 fir, deodar cedar, white oak, and American elm. 

 However, unlike botanical names, common 

 names are sometimes misleading and confusing 

 and may impede clear communication and 

 understanding, since nothing about these names 

 relates to name stability or to classification. In 

 the southeastern United States, for example, the 

 native deciduous azaleas are commonly known 

 as "honeysuckle," but to many people honey- 



suckle refers only to species of Lonicera of the 

 honeysuckle family (Caprifoliaceae). The com- 

 mon name for Rhododendron periclymenoides is 

 pinxterbloom in Maryland, purple honeysuckle in 

 the Carolinas, and election pink in some other 

 areas of the southeast. In the United States, the 

 indigenous species of Tilia are called basswood or 

 linden, while in the United Kingdom members of 

 this genus are called lime trees. The use of 

 common names should be discouraged because 

 of the endless possibilities for misidentification 

 and confusion. 



Symbols and Abbreviations 



Acronyms are cited alphabetically under each 

 plant entry to identify the collection sites, for 

 example, DCNA = District of Columbia/National 

 Arboretum; FLUF = Florida/University of Florida, 

 Gainesville; and GAUG = Georgia /University of 

 Georgia. 



Cultivar names are spelled with initial capital 

 letters in roman type and are enclosed with 

 single quotation marks: Abelia 'Edward Goucher', 

 Magnolia 'Galaxy'. 



Other symbols and abbreviations follow. 



ssp. = subspecies: Hydrangea anomala D. Don 

 ssp. petiolaris (Sieb. & Zucc.) McClint. 



var. = varietas (botanical variety): Acer 

 palmatum Thunb. ex J.A. Murr. var. 

 amoenum (Carr.) Hara 



x = multiplication sign used for hybrids: 

 interspecific hybrids are identified with the 

 multiplication sign placed in front of the 

 hybrid epithet, as Abelia x grandiflora 

 (Andre) Rehd.; in bigeneric hybrids the 

 multiplication sign is placed in front of the 

 hybrid genus name, as xCupressocyparis 

 leylandii (Dallim. & Jacks.) Dallim. 



+ = symbol for graft chimera, as Camellia 

 -t-'Daisy Eagleson' 



[ ] enclose botanical names of cultivars and 

 names of parents of hybrids and cultivars 



* designates plant introductions from the U. S. 

 National Arboretum breeding program 



? indicates uncertainty as to parentage. 



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