DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE. 101 



taken off. leaving at last only one vigorous shoot. The young plants are carefully 

 dug out after the leaves have fallen and heeled in temporarily in some place till 

 the time for transplanting. Xo particular preparation of the soil is necessary 

 where they are to he replanted besides digging holes to receive the young plants, 

 which are usually transplanted at any time from the end of November to the begin- 

 ning of January, or beginning of February to the end of March. At the time of 

 transplanting, the holes previously dug are partly filled with farmyard manure or 

 with some oil cake, covered slightly with earth, over which the seed plants are set 

 one by one. the remaining open part of the holes is filled up with earth lightly 

 trodden in around the plants. The seed plants required for an acre vary very much ; 

 but usually range between 1,500 and 4,500. Manures used after transplanting are 

 commonly farmyard manure, grasses, tree leaves, night soil, dried fish, etc., and 

 they are placed around the plants in spring. Weeding should be done many times, 

 especially, in the first year, and weak shoots pruned from time to time. The yield 

 from one acre varies according to the time of transplanting, but the average of five 

 years is estimated at 300 to 600 kilograms of raw bark. As the plants are cut, they 

 are steamed and the bark is stripped off before cooling and dried by hanging on 

 bamboo frames under the roof. The dried bark is now steeped in water and when 

 softened rubbed violently in order to remove the exterior coarse and woody part 

 which is again cleaned off by means of a small knife, then well dried, and is now 

 ready for market. (Desc. Cat. Ag. Prod. Jap., YV\ C. E., 1893.) 



Brown Hemp (Ind.). Grotalaria juncea. 



Buaze (So. Afr.). See Securidaca longepedunculata. 



Bullrush (or Bulrush). Scirpus lacustris. 



Also Typha latifolia, the cat-tail flag. Lesser . Typha angustifolia; of 



the Nile, Cyperus papyrus. 



Bun ochra (Ind.). See Urena lobata and Triumfetta rhomboidea. 



Bun-pat or Bhunji-pat. (Beng.) Gorcliorus olitorius. 



Buphane disticha. 



An amaryllid found in south Africa, remarkable in producing a bulb as large as a 

 man's head, supporting 100 or more flowers. This bulb yields a fiber, examples of 

 which are shown in the Kew Botanical Museum. 



Burdock, Common (see Arctium lappa). 



Burity (see Mauritia). 



Burn-nose Bark (Jam.). Daplinopsis tinifoUa. 



Buscola, or Bruscola Baskets, of Italy; made from the "Giunco 

 marino." See J uncus acutus and Lygeum spartum. 



Bussu (see Manicaria mccifera). 

 Butea frondosa. Butea Gum. 



Exogen. Zeguminosa? A tree. 



Found throughout India and Burma. Yields the gum known as Bengal Jeino. The 

 flowers furnish the testi dye. 



Bast Fiber.— "'It yields a tough fiber said to be useful for paper making and for 

 cordage; also the young roots yield a strong fiber known as chhoel. This is made 

 into ropes in Chutia Xagpur, Central Provinces, Oudh, Rajputana, and Bombay hill 

 tracts, etc. ; it is also used in some parts of India for making native sandals. The 

 roots and young branches of B. superla, another Indian species (also mentioned by 



