116 USEFUL FIBER PLANTS OF THE WORLD. 



Celosia cristata. 



Exogen. Amarantacece. A slirub. 



India. Cultivated as an ornamental plant. 



Fiber. — "It yields a strong, flexible bast fiber, so bighly esteemed tbat rope made 

 of it sells at rive times tbe price of jute rope." Confirmation of this fact is much 

 required, and also samples of the plant from which the fiber has been extracted. It 

 is known in Bengali as Ldl-murga, but Roxburgh makes no mention of the fiber; 

 indeed, with the exception of the notice in Spon's Encyclopaedia quoted above, no 

 author, as far as the writer can discover, alludes to the fiber. ( Watt.) 



Celtis australis. 



Exogen. Ulmacecu. A shrub or small tree. 

 An Italian species known by the names Arcidiavolo, Bagato. Bagolaro, Bucerata, 

 Fragiracolo, Legno da racchette, Loto, Perlaro, Spaccasassi. The bark yields a fiber for 

 cordage. (Manual Hoepli.) 



Celtis caucasica. Nettle Tree. 



An Indian species supposed to be a variety of the European nettle tree, C. aus- 

 tralis. Baden Powell mentions that the bark is made into cordage. 



Celtis orientalis. 



Now Trema orientalis; formerly referred to Sponia. A very common Indian spe 

 cies of nettle tree. " The nether bark consists of numerous reticulated fibers, whieh 

 some of the tribes of Assam convert into coarse textile fabrics. C. pMlippinensis, 

 in the Philippines, and C. [now Trema] aspera and C. sinensis, in Japan, also afford 

 useful fibers." (Spon.) See Trema. 



Century plant (see Agave americana). 



Cerbera odollam. 



Exogen. Apocynacew. 



A genus of trees natives of tropical Asia, and said to be very poisonous, the seeds 

 being particularly so. " The inner shell of the drupe is fibrous, partly divided, when 

 ripe, into two divisions, and when seen in the dried state resembles a ball of string." 

 (Treas. Botany.) 



Bast Fiber. — Watt states that fiber prepared from the bark was sent by the for- 

 estry department of Madras to the Amsterdam Exhibition of 1883. 



Surface Fiber. — C. oppositifolia is a Cochin China species held in high esteem in 

 pharmacy. From the silky down of the fruit is obtained a substance for wadding. 



Ceroxylon. 



A species of palm found in Peru, which, on the authority of A. Dorca, supplies 

 material for cordage and coarse textures. Known locally as Palma de la ccra. 



Chaguar (Arg\). See Bromclia serra. 



Chain creeper (Braz.). See Bauhinia. 



Chain fern (U. S.). Woodwardia radicans. 



Chandla (Ind.). See Antiaris. 



Chat (Hind.).=root, 



Chamaerops humilis. 



Endogen. Palmcp. A dwarf palm. 

 This species abounds in Algeria, and is cultivated in southern Europe. It is the 

 source of the upholstery material imported into the United States from Algeria under 



