200 USEFUL FIBER PLANTS OF THE WORLD. 



regulated by that of jute, but in our opinion it would always command a higher 

 price. If it could be prepared of a whiter color it would prove still more accepta- 

 ble, but even as it is we should be very glad to see large quantities placed on this 

 market, where they would sell readily. (Ide <)• Christie.) 



Honeysuckle fiber (see Lonicera). 

 Hoop ash. Fra.rinus nigra. 

 Hop, Common (see Rumulus lupulus). 

 Hordeum vulgare. Barley. 



Syn. H. sativum. 



Cultivated barley, which is represented by many varieties, appears to have origi- 

 nated from Hordeum spontaneum of southwestern Asia. 



"Six-rowed barley has been in cultivation since prehistoric times in southern 

 Europe ; two-rowed barley is now largely cultivated iu England and Central Europe, 

 The four-rowed barleys are of later origin than the others, and are most generally 

 cultivated in northern Europe and in this country. The barley crop of the United 

 States for 1895 was 87,072,744 bushels, of which amount six States produced over 

 73,000,000 bushels, California leading with 19,023,678 bushels. Barley is the most 

 important cereal of the far north, some of the varieties being cultivated in Norway 

 to latitude 70 c . It is employed in making bread also in northern Asia and Japan. 

 Barley soup is an article of diet in central Europe. From naked barley (Hordeum 

 decortication) a mucilaginous tea is prepared, used in medicine. The grain is largely 

 fed to horses, both in this country and in Europe, but the chief use is for brewing 

 beer." (F. Lamson-Scribner.) 



Structural Fiber. — The only country making a commercial use of barley straw 

 for plaiting, as far as the author has investigated the subject, is Japan, where the 

 manufacture of straw plait, both from rice and barley, is a great industry. The plait 

 is mostly exported to this country and to France and England for hat manufacture, 

 and has represented in a single year a value of 350,450 yen. or $228,000. 



Two forms of straw are employed in Japan, there being three qualities of each, 

 viz : Nagawara, produce of Omori-mura, and Kiriicara, produce of Yebara-gun, Tokyo. 

 A large collection of the straw plait of Japan was exhibited at the W. C. E., 1893, 

 at Chicago, there being over 20 forms in the series. 



It was learned that some farmers bleach barley straw cultivated by themselves, in 

 the leisure of field work, and sell it to manufacturers of straw plaits, but generally 

 the farmers after harvesting and thrashing the barley cut the upper part of the straw 

 to the length of 3 decimeters and sell it to the straw plaiters. Although the straw 

 for plaiting in Japan is not so good as that of Italy, yet it is better in quality than 

 that of China and other countries. In Japan several articles, especially playthings, 

 have been made of straw from olden times; but recently, on account of straw plait 

 being much exported to foreign countries, especially to the United States of America, 

 the manufacturers of the plaits have increased year by year. 



" Specimens. — Mus. U. S. Dept. Ag. 



Horsetail grass (see Dichelachne crinita). 



Huachasso (Peru). See Tillandsia. 



Huamaga (Ecuador). Same as Damajagua. See Hibiscus tiliaceus. 



Huampo (Peru). See Cheirostemon. 



Huang-li-Pu (China). Fabric from Ananas sativa. 



Huasima (Braz.). See Guazuma. 



Huhiroa. New Zealand flax. Phormium, 



Huimba (Peru). See Bomba.t . 



