208 USEFUL FIBER PLANTS OF THE WORLD. 



make a good substitute for human hair. It is a strong growing nlant and is found 

 extensively on the margins of lagoons and water courses. It is claimed that by 

 boiling, this water rusb yields a strong fine liber. The museum specimens showed no 

 such strength, however, as a twisted strand of the A'ictorian fibers was as easily 

 broken as manila paper twine. 



Dr. Guilfoyle's Australasian liber list contains several other species of this genus: 

 J. communis, the common candlerush (see Juncus effusus); J. maritimus, the sea or 

 coast rush, which, under Ekman's process, is said to yield a promising fiber; J. 

 pallidiis, which can be obtained in vast quantities in the Australian colonies, is also 

 named as a valuable paper stock with J. prismatocarpus. 



* Specimens. — Mas. U. S. Dept. Ag. 



Jungli (Beng.). See Agave americana. 

 Juniperus occidentalis. Juniper,. 



Exogen. Conifercs. A tree, 18 to 40 feet. 



Eastern Washington and Oregon to California, and south, along the high ridges of 

 the Sierra Nevada, between 7,000 and 10,000 feet elevation, to the San Bernardino 

 Mountains. 



Bast Fiber. — Dr. Fewkes informs the Department that this species is found on 

 the mesas, and that the bark is used by the Hopi Indians, without weaving, for 

 breech clouts. There is little doubt that in olden times garments were made from 

 this fiber by these people that were used in their religious ceremonials. 



Dr. Palmer states that the fibrous bark of J. califomica var. utahensis, a tree 20 or 

 25 feet in height, is made into saddles, breech clouts, shirts, and sleeping mats, by 

 the Pai-Ute Indians. 



Jupati (Braz.). See Rapliia vinifera. 



Jussareira (Braz.) Euterpe oleracea. 



Juta (It. )= Jute. 



Jute of India. See Gorchorus olitorius and capsularis; of China. 



See Abut Hon avieennce. 



Kabong (Malay). See Arenga saccharifera. 



Kadi (Pers.). See Tandanus. 



Kadia (see Sid a retusa). 



Kadsura japonica. 



This species belongs to a genus of dicotyledonous plants of the Magnoliacew, 

 which are climbing mucilaginous shrubs, indigenous to tropical Asia. K. japonica 

 from Japan and the East Indies yields a fiber, derived from the bark, which is said 

 by Savorgnan to be held in high esteem for its tenacity and whiteness. 



Kajang, mats of (see Xipa fruticans). 



Kakarally (Br. Guian.). Lecythis ollaria. 



Kali (Timor). See Borassus. 



Kalnan (Ind.)= Agave. 



Kama-kher (Beng.). Androjpogon nardus. 



Kan (Tuc, Maya). Agave rigida. 



Kanghi (Hind.). See Abutilon indicum. 





