314 USEFUL FIBER PLANTS OF THE WORLD. 



single year, as these mats are a considerable article of export. Their manufacture 

 is largely confined to Russia; Sweden, however, has furnished a portion of the mats 

 exported. The Swedish fishermen use the inner fiber or bast for the manufacture of 

 fishing nets. Among the uses of lime-tree bast given by Savorgnan and not above 

 recorded, are baskets and hampers, the prepared fiber being used for nets, hats, and 

 fine cordage, coarse packing cloth, and a paper said to be remarkably smooth. The 

 Japanese form, T. cordata, is much esteemed in Japan for its fiber or bast, which 

 is used for strings and ropes, and sometimes for making a very coarse cloth. An 

 important branch of industry is the manufacture of mosquito nets, the bark of this 

 species being used for the purpose. No Indian species is recorded. 



Tillandsia usneoides. Southern Moss. 



Endogen. Bromdiacea'. 



Common names. — Spanish moss, New Orleans moss, Old man's beard, vegetable 

 hair; Barba dePalo (Veuez.); Igan (Arg.). 



Abounds in the Gulf States from South Carolina and Florida to Louisiana, where 

 it is seen hanging in dense gray masses from the branches of the trees, upon which 

 it is epiphytal. Common in the West Indies, Central America, and portions of South 

 America, as far south as Argentina. 



Structural Fiber. — This is the whole plant after the epidermis has been removed. 

 It is used as a substitute for curled hair, and its production is a recognized Ameri- 

 can industry. Manufactured at present chiefly in Charleston, S. C, and New 

 Orleans, La. The moss was formerly buried for a short time, or thrown up in a heap 

 partially covered, to destroy the epidermis. Cleaning machines are now used, how 

 ever, to remove the epidermis, after which the fiber goes through a dusting machine 

 and is subsequently dyed a rich black. The fiber is used in this country for genera 

 upholstery purposes. It is used in Venezuela and in Brazil for the same purposes, 

 though in the latter country the unprepared moss is also employed as packing 

 material for glassware and porcelain. The plant is allied to the pineapple. 



Tilleul (Fr.) = Tilia. 



Tilo (Span.) = Tilia. 



Tilluk (Ind.). Saccharum spontaneum. 



Tinnivelley matting (Ind.). Cyperus corymbosiis and C. tegetum. 



Tinospora cordifolia. 



A climbing shrub belonging to the Menispcrmaccce, found throughout tropical 

 India, the aerial roots of which are used for tying bundles. The principal value of 

 the plant is in pharmacy, stems, roots, and leaves being used. Its Hindoo name is 

 Gurach, or Gurcha, though there are nearly a hundred Indian names of the plant and 

 of parts of the plant. 



Ti-raurika (Austr.). Cordyline austral is. 



Tisi (Hind, and Beng.). Linum usitatissimum. 



Tobago silk grass. Furcrcea cubensis. 



Toi; also Ti (Austr.). Cordyline indivisa. 



Tolotzin, or Catena (Mex.). Heliocarpus. 



Ton khoi. Strebltis asper, 



Toothe-nai (Ind.). Abutilon indicum* See also Tuthi nar. 



Totora (Peru). See Typha augustifolia. 



Totte de maguay fino (Mex.). Agave americana. 



