292 POLITICAL HISTORY OF PERU. 



well as advice. A similar belief was entertained in relation to Santa 

 Cruz, although he thought proper to deny the charge. 



Peru and Bolivia thus became one government, under the name of 

 the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, and Santa Cruz was declared Supreme 

 Protector for life, with almost unlimited authority. This was an un- 

 popular measure in Peru, the people alleging that her independence had 

 been bartered for foreign aid. There was little to unite her to Bolivia, 

 no common interest, and but limited commercial intercourse to cement 

 a union. Bolivia, on the other hand, saw herself involved in quarrels 

 in which she had no interest ; moreover, Chili and Equador became 

 suspicious, and jealous of the ambitious projects of the Protector of the 

 new Confederation ; while the misunderstanding respecting the treaty, 

 and the restrictions that were put on her commerce, tended to widen 

 the breach with Chili. 



The Protector, on his arrival in Lima, was received with great 

 rejoicings, &c. One of his first acts was to impose a discriminating 

 and additional duty on all goods introduced into the ports of the Con- 

 federation, when imported in vessels having touched at a Chilian port, 

 with the ostensible object of encouraging a direct trade from Europe 

 and the United States, to Peru and Bolivia. The Chilians took great 

 offence at this act. Peru in her struggle for independence had received 

 much assistance, first from Chili, and then from Colombia, and was in 

 debt to both for the expense of the war. This very aid produced its 

 usual consequences, by creating those feelings of hostility which the 

 ungrateful indulge in towards their benefactors. 



It soon became apparent that the vessels of war were chartered by 

 General Freyre, who embarked 'in them with a number of the dis- 

 contented Chilians who were in exile, and about two hundred soldiers. 

 This was done secretly, but the Chilian consul-general contriving to 

 get the information, as has been related, despatched a vessel to notify 

 his government, before an embargo was laid. We have heretofore 

 seen, in the chapter which treats of the affairs of Chili, how the 

 whole affair was frustrated, and how Freyre and the others were 

 taken prisoners. 



The party in power in Chili had always been opposed to Santa 

 Cruz personally, and believed that he had planned and aided the 

 attempt to revolutionize Chili. Under pretence therefore of danger 

 from the preponderating influence of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, 

 under so ambitious and intriguing a head, they resolved on war. For 

 this purpose they deemed it necessary to secure the command of the 

 sea, and they sent two vessels of war to Callao, ostensibly on a 



