302 POLITICAL HISTORY OF PERU. 



Article 6. He may lay duties, if they should be necessary for the 

 wants of the service or state. 



Article 7. He will have all the executive power which may be 

 necessary for the security, order, and regulation of the state, in every 

 thing that is not reserved by this present decree ; notwithstanding, he 

 cannot take the proper rights belonging to the executive power, neither 

 give orders nor resolutions contrary to the existing legislation, nor to 

 the decrees which may be in full force, but to facilitate, make clear, and 

 do away with the difficulties which may impede their execution, and 

 that they may be able to execute the intended reforms and mandates. 



Article 8. The Provisional President of South Peru will receive the 

 honours and treatment which are due to a chief having executive 

 power, and the Secretary-General those corresponding to a minister 

 of the cabinet. 



My Secretary-General is charged with the execution of the present 

 decree, who will have it printed and circulated. 



Given in the Protectoral Palace of Puno, 17th September, 1837. 



(Signed) Andres Santa Cruz. 



The Secretary-General, 



M. De la Cruz Mendez. 



Another decree followed this, of the same date, appointing General 

 Herrera the Provisional President, and Colonel Don Juan Jose Lavrea 

 Secretary-General. 



The results of my inquiries into the commerce and trade of Peru, 

 are by no means satisfactory. The vacillating policy pursued towards 

 the trade has been most extraordinary ; and some of those engaged in 

 commercial pursuits have frequently been enabled, through the neces- 

 sities of the government, to reap many advantages. Much illicit trade 

 was carried on, even before the revolution, under the Spanish rule. 

 The restriction laid by its authority on commerce, kept the prices of 

 imports high, whilst the low value of exports, left to the arbitrary 

 demand of monopolists, prevented or diminished the means of these 

 countries to pay for what they wanted from abroad. 



From this state of things resulted the limited trade and enormous 

 profits to a few individuals, under the colonial system. As soon as the 

 ports were opened, an expansion took place, and the trade was entirelv 

 overdone. The markets became glutted with all kinds of foreign 

 fabrics, and many ruinous voyages were made from ignorance of the 

 wants of the people, and their means of payment. 



For the last ten years the trade has been better understood. The 



