APPENDIX. 



trends to the west. This will be a very important discovery, and the 

 lateness of the season is very advantageous for the exploration, if the 

 summer should have proved an open one. My reason for believing 

 in the extension of this land is, that such large quantities of ice-islands, 

 which are frequently drifted to the north and west of Cape Horn, must 

 have some land to form on, and we are aware that all the ice formed 

 about the South Shetlands goes to the eastward. 



7th. You must endeavour to reach the southward of Peter I. and 

 Alexander I. Islands, or south of the Russian track. 



8th. You will fill up the skeleton chart as you progress, and treat 

 the main ice and ice-islands as if they were land, by inserting them on 

 it, which will be an important addition to our knowledge, if we only 

 obtain the line of ice in those seas ; it does not appear ever to have 

 been done by southern navigators accurately ; had it been so, our task 

 would have been more easy. 



9th. I should think the winds from the west to the east will be so as 

 to enable you to choose positions to shield your ship under the lee of 

 the icy shore (if I may be allowed the expression). 



10th. In the event of your reaching the main land, or a channel 

 leading to it, if one offers, you will despatch the Flying-Fish, with 

 such officers as you may think fit, to make the recognizance of it, if 

 time should not allow a full survey. 



11th. It is desirable that the extent and circumference of any islands 

 which you may fall in with be ascertained, with their general character 

 and productions, if any ; specimens of rocks and sketches of their strati- 

 fication will, if possible be taken. The islands of ice frequently show 

 appearances of stratifications, with earth and rocks attached to them. 

 Any thing gained from them will be interesting and valuable, with a 

 particular notice w 7 hether the ice had been much worn away under 

 them. 



12th. The aurora australis has not been often seen; it is said to 

 have been seen by Captain Cook near his Ne Plus Ultra, where you 

 will commence. You will notice the extent and height of the ice, &c, 

 and sketch, if possible, any remarkable refraction, with a description 

 which will render it clear. 



13th. You will note the observations of the thermometer in the sun 

 and shade ; also the temperature of the sea at such depths as you may 

 judge best, with the sounding apparatus sent you. 



14th. After having run to Palmer's Land, and not finding an opening 

 or land, you will return to this harbour direct, where you will find this 

 ship ; and you will despatch the Flying-Fish to the harbour of Decep- 

 tion Island for information from me, which will, if possible, be left in a 



