278 
MANILLA. 
all intent upon their several occupations. The artisans In Manilla 
are almost wholly Chinese; and all trades are local, so that in each 
quarter of the Binondo suburb the privilege of exclusive occupancy 
is claimed by some particular kinds of shops. In passing up the 
Escolta (which is the longest and main street in this district), the 
cabinet-makers, seen busily at work in their shops, are first met 
with; next to these come the tinkers and blacksmiths; then the shoe¬ 
makers, clothiers, fishmongers, haberdashers, &c. These are flanked 
by outdoor occupations; and in each quarter are numerous cooks, 
frying cakes, stewing, &c., in movable kitchens; while here and there 
are to be seen betel-nut sellers, either moving about to obtain cus¬ 
tomers, or taking a stand in some great thoroughfare. The moving 
throng, composed of carriers, waiters, messengers, &c., pass quietly 
and without any noise: they are generally seen with the Chinese um¬ 
brella, painted of many colours, screening themselves from the sun. 
The whole population wear slippers, and move along with a slip¬ 
shod gait. 
The Chinese are apparently far more numerous than the Malays, 
and the two races differ as much in character as in appearance: one 
is all activity, while the other is disposed to avoid all exertion. They 
preserve their distinctive character throughout, mixing but very little 
with each other, and are removed as far as possible in their civilities; 
the former, from their industry and perseverance, have almost mono¬ 
polized all the lucrative employments among the lower orders, except¬ 
ing the selling of fish and betel-nut, and articles manufactured in the 
provinces. 
On shore, we were kindly received by Mr. Moore, who at once 
made us feel at home. The change of feeling that takes place in a 
transfer from shipboard in a hot climate, after a long cruise, to spa 
cious and airy apartments, surrounded by every luxury that kind 
attentions can give, can be scarcely imagined by those who have not 
experienced it. 
As we needed some repairs and supplies, to attend to these was my 
first occupation. Among the former, we required a heavy piece of 
blacksmith-work, to prepare which, we were obliged to send our 
armourers on shore. The only thing they could procure was a place 
for a forge; but coal, and every thing else, we had to supply from 
the ship. I mention these things to show that those in want of repairs 
must not calculate upon their being done at Manilla with despatch, if 
they can be accomplished at all. 
The city government of Manilla was established on the 24th of 
June, 1571, and the title under which it is designated is, “The cele- 
