MAUNA LOA. 149 



at the terminal crater at four o'clock, after a hard walk of six hours. 

 We had now three stations, viz. : the Recruiting Station, Lieutenant 

 Alden's, and the Flag Station, under the sergeant of marines. These 

 made it a more easy task to get the loads up, although it would require 

 a longer time. 



I found they had built some part of the wall around our encamp- 

 ment on the summit, and being apprehensive that we were again to 

 have bad weather, we all joined to secure the tents more effectually 

 against the anticipated storm. 



The cold, this day, to our feelings w T as intense, although the tem- 

 perature was not lower than 26°. All our exertions in carrying stone 

 for the wall, and violent exercise could not keep us warm. Dr. Picker- 

 ing came in, towards dark, half frozen, having made the circuit of the 

 three craters, which had occupied him nearly all day. The stream of 

 the last eruption, some sixty years since, was from the north crater. 



The two chronometers, with the pendulum clock, and some of the 

 pendulum apparatus, had reached the top during the day ; and I was 

 rejoiced to find, on examination and comparison with the one I had, 

 that no difference of rate had yet taken place. 



We found the experiment of enclosing the camp in with a stone 

 wall to succeed admirably, protecting us very much from the south- 

 west wind. The temperature during the night fell to 17°. 



On the 28th the day dawned with fine weather. At sunrise the 

 effect of refraction was very similar to that before described. I was 

 again struck with the apparent smallness of the diameter of the sun 

 when seen in the horizon. The day continued beautifully clear, with 

 a very strong wind from the westward. We were employed in taking 

 observations, and the transit was set firmly, to get the passage of the 

 stars : a wall was also built around the observatory, to protect it from 

 the wind. 



Finding there was no longer any necessity for the Flag Station to 

 be continued, I ordered the sergeant and party up to Pendulum Peak, 

 and directed Lieutenant Alden to remove to the Recruiting Station, 

 and that Lieutenant Budd should join me at the summit. This ar- 

 rangement became necessary, as the men would now unavoidably be 

 exposed to the cold, and had recruited so much that they could make 

 the trip between the two stations during the day, with loads, sleeping 

 at the upper or lower station. Dr. Pickering made a trip to-day into 

 the crater on the west side, which he found no easy task. He brought 

 back several specimens of lava. The night was clear, but very cold. 



On the 29th we were busy putting up the pendulum apparatus. A 

 short time after noon, Dr. Judd again joined us with the joyful news 

 that the party from the ship had arrived, with sixty days' provisions 



