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GRINNELL 



The Aleuts have long been under the influence of the 

 Russian Church, and have largely abandoned their primi- 

 tive ways. They are now Christianized and in a degree 

 civilized. They are a hard-working people, but never- 

 theless find it difficult to gain a subsistence under the 

 changed conditions which surround them, and the in- 

 creasing scarcity of the wild creatures on which they 

 used to depend for food. At Unalaska all the laborers 

 are Aleuts, as are also all those employed in the fur-seal 

 fisheries on the Pribilof Islands. 



The name Aleut was applied by the Russians to the in- 

 habitants of the Aleutian Archipelago as well as to the 



BIDARA OR ALEUT SKIN BOAT, ST. PAUL ISLAND, BERING SEA. 



inhabitants of Kadiak Island and the southeast shores of 

 the Peninsula of Alaska. Dr. Dall believes that at one 

 time, until driven out by the Indians, these people also 

 occupied the north shore of the Alaska Peninsula. He 

 believes further that the Aleutian Islands were populated 

 at a very distant period, and that those who first occupied 

 them were more like the lowest grades of the Eskimo 

 than to the Aleuts of historic times; and that while the 

 development of the Eskimo went on in the direction in 

 which it first started, that of the Aleuts was modified 

 and given a different direction by the conditions of their 



