MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 119 



I. SUB-ORDER. — Chondrophores (Chondrophora). 



Shell solid, horny or cartilaginous, more or less 

 lanceolate, with a produced and thickened apex. 



1. Family. — Cranckias (Cranchiidse). Body large 



and membranous ; head small ; eyes large 

 and prominent, covered with a skin ; mantle 

 supported by two internal fleshy bands ; 

 siphuncle with a valve ; club of tentacular 

 arms finned ; fins of body small and terminal. 



2. Family. — False- Squids (Loligopsidse). Body 



elongate, membranous, tapering behind ; eyes 

 peduncled, not covered by a skin ; mantle 

 supported by two internal fleshy bands ; 

 siphuncle simple ; fins caudal, terminal, semi- 

 circular. 



3. Family. — Long -armed Calamaries (Chirateu- 



thidse). Body elongate, tapering ; ears with- 

 out crest ; eyes miked, simple, above ; mantle 

 with three internal cartilages, one dorsal and 

 two ventral ; siphuncle simple, without a 

 valve ; tentacular arms outside the web, not 

 retractile ; fins on hind part of back. 



4. Family. — Hook-armed Calamaries (Onychoteu- 



thidse). Head moderate, cylindrical ; eyes 

 naked with a sinus at upper part ; ears with 

 a longitudinal crest ; mantle with three in- 

 ternal cartilages, one dorsal and two ventral ; 

 tentacular arms with a group of small sessile 

 cups at end of club ; fins posterior, dorsal, 

 angular. 



