MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 21] 



in front of eyes ; eyes large, globular ; ocelli 

 rudimentary or obsolete ; head moderate, 

 oval, sub-depressed, porrect ; jaws strong, 

 horny, entire at tip, or with inner margin 

 notched or toothed ; thorax greatly elon- 

 gated ; body usually long, slender, sometimes 

 broad, depressed ; fore-wings rudimentary ; 

 hind-wings, when present, large and membra- 

 nous ; fore-legs not raptorial. Eesemble 

 sticks, straws, and leaves ; sluggish, solitary, 

 living among low shrubs ; herbivorous. 



IV. S UB-ORDEB. — Leaping-Orthoptera (Saltatoria). 



Hind-legs long, formed for leaping, four anterior 

 legs short, simple ; wings deflexed at the sides ; 

 females with an exserted ovipositor. 



4. Family. — Crickets (Achetidse). Antennae very 



long and slender ; eyes large, round ; ocelli 

 distinct, usually two ; jaws strong, with seve- 

 ral acute transverse teeth ; labium four-Jobed ; 

 body robust, somewhat depressed ; wings 

 large, horizontal when at rest ; fore-wings 

 when folded forming a pair of long slender 

 filaments ; abdomen ending in two slender 

 setae ; tarsi 3-jointed, slender, joints simple 

 on under side. The chirping of the Crickets 

 is produced by rubbing the inner edges of 

 the wing-covers together ; the females are 

 mute. 



5. Family. — Grasshoppers (Gryllidae). Antennae 



