MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 223 



strongly pectinate in males ; hind-tibiae 

 often spined in middle ; saws slightly ser- 

 rated at tip ; dilated and elbowed at base ; 

 larvae various. 



2. Family. — Auger -Flies (Uroceridse). Antennae 



filiform or setaceous, vibratile ; head rounded, 

 as broad as thorax ; upper lip minute, elon- 

 gated ; mandibles short, strong, horny ; tro- 

 pin irregular ; prothorax and collar elongated ; 

 body elongated, sub-cylindrical ; abdomen 

 sessile, furnished in females with a borer or 

 awl-like ovipositor ; fore-tibiae with a single 

 spur. Females deposit their eggs in timber 

 by means of their powerful boring instru- 

 ment. 



II. TRIBE. — Parasitic-Hymenoptera (Pupivora). 



Abdomen attached to thorax by a portion only 

 of its transverse diameter; larvae with slightly- 

 developed mandibulated trophi, for the most part 

 feeding parasitically upon other living insects ; ab- 

 domen with an elongate, many-valved oviduct. 



3. Family. — Gall - Flies (Cynipidae). Antennae 



straight, inserted in middle of face, long, 

 slender ; labrum minute ; mandibles short, 

 robust, toothed at tip ; maxillae with a broad 

 ciliated lobe ; head small, transverse ; palpi 

 short ; wings with few veins ; abdomen oval, 

 compressed, basal joint largest, the others 

 imbricate ; peduncle short ; ovipositor spiral, 

 retractile when at rest. Females deposit 



