224 MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTOEY. 



their eggs in the tissues of plants and pro- 

 duce the tumours known as " galls/' 



4. Family. — Thick-legged Ichneumon-Flies (Eva- 



niidae). Antennae straight, filiform or seta- 

 ceous ; mandibles toothed on inside ; fore- 

 wings with several irregular cells ; hind-wings 

 without veins ; abdomen attached to dorsum 

 of metathorax by a peduncle often arising 

 close to scutellum ; ovipositor straight ; hind- 

 legs elongated, tibiae often thickened. Para- 

 sitic on other insects. 



5. Family. — Ichneumon - Flies (Ichneumonidae). 



Antennae straight, usually filiform or seta- 

 ceous ; head small, free ; eyes large, lateral ; 

 mandibles slender, curved, bidentate at tip ; 

 wings veined, anterior with perfect cells ; 

 body long, narrow; abdomen attached at 

 extremity of thorax between base of hind 

 coxae ; ovipositor straight, often exsertecl ; 

 legs long, formed for running ; tarsi long, 

 slender. Pupa enclosed in a cocoon. Usually 

 black, varied with red, yellow, and white. 

 Females deposit their eggs in larvae or pupae 

 of other insects. 



1. Ichneumonince. — Wings with two recurrent 



nerves; nerve separating first cubital cell 

 from external discoidal cell nearly or en- 

 tirely obliterated ; an articulation between 

 second and third dorsal segments of ab- 

 domen. 



2. Braconince. — Wings with only one recur- 



