230 MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 



collar laterally dilated, extending as far as 

 bases of wings; abdomen elongate, attached 

 to thorax by a long peduncle ; body narrow ; 

 legs, especially the hind pair, very long; fore- 

 legs strongly ciliated ; hind-tibiae spurred in 

 females. Nidificate and burrow in sand. 



17. Family. — Beaked Sand-Wasps (Bembecidae)- 



Head transverse ; mandibles acute, with a 

 tooth on inside ; jaws produced into a long 

 beak ; collar minute, not extending to bases 

 of wings ; body elongate, tapering behind ; 

 legs short, fore -legs strongly ciliated. Form 

 burrows in sandy situations. 



18. Family. — Ichneumon Sand-Wasps (Larridae). 



Head moderate ; tnandibles with a deep notch 

 on outer side near base ; jaws not prolonged 

 into a beak ; collar small, not extending to 

 base of wings ; abdomen sub-conical and not 

 peduncled ; legs moderate, ciliated in females. 

 Perforate the sand, in which they nidificate. 



19. Family. — Bee-like Sand- Wasps (Nyssonidse). 



Head moderate ; antennae filiform, basal joint 

 slightly elongated ; mandibles slightly notch- 

 ed on outside of base ; jaws not prolonged 

 into a beak ; abdomen ovoid-conic, broadest 

 at base, not peduncled; fore-tibiae with a 

 dilated spur. Nidificate in sandy localities. 



20. Family. — Predacious Wood -Wasps (Crabro- 



nidae). Head large, square ; antennae straight 

 or somewhat elbowed, often thickened at tip; 

 mandibles with outer margin entire ; jaws 



