MANUAL OF NATUEAL HISTOEY. 397 



plants, frequently evergreen, occasionally 

 epiphytic ; leaves alternate, undivided, ex- 

 stipulate ; flowers solitary or racemose ; ca- 

 lyx and corolla usually 4-6-lobed ; stamens 

 8-12, distinct ; anthers opening by pores ; 

 fruit succulent ; cotyledons very short. 

 Found in temperate regions, often in marshy 

 places. Yield Bilberries, Cranberries, 

 Whortleberries, &c. 



IY. ORDER. — Grossals (Grossales). 



Flowers dichlamydeous, polypetalous ; seeds nu- 

 merous, minute ; embryo small, in a large quantity 

 of albumen. 



1. Family. — Barringtoniads (Barringtoniaceae). 



Trees or shrubs ; leaves opposite or verti- 

 cillate, not dotted ; sepals and petals 4-5 ; 

 stamens 00, mostly monadelphous ; anthers 

 oblong ; ovary 2-5-celled ; placentae axile ; 

 fruit fleshy, 1 -celled. Tropical plants in both 

 hemispheres, some found in low, moist situa- 

 tions. 



2. Family. — Syringas (Philadelphaceae). Shrubs; 



leaves deciduous, opposite, exstipulate, with- 

 out dots ; flowers white or pink, in tricho- 

 tomous cymes ; calyx valvate ; stamens 00 ; 

 styles distinct, or united into one ; placentae 

 axile ; fruit capsular. Occur in Southern 

 Europe, North America, India, and Japan. 



3. Family. — Escalloniads (Escalloniaceae). Shrubs; 



evergreen; leaves alternate, simple, resin- 



