MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 429 



styles. Inhabit temperate parts of Asia and 

 America ; many in China and Japan. 

 6. Family. — Saxifrages (Saxifragaceae). Herbs ; 

 leaves alternate, with or without stipules ; 

 calyx superior or inferior, of 4 or 5 sepals, co- 

 hering more or less at their base ; petals 5 or 

 0, inserted between lobes of calyx ; stamens 

 5-10 ; ovary usually of two carpels ; placentae 

 sutural ; styles none • stigmas sessile on the 

 tips of the lobes of the ovary ; fruit capsular, 

 membranous, 1- or 2-celled, cells divaricating 

 when ripe ; seeds numerous. Natives of 

 mountainous regions in northern countries. 



VIII. OBDER— Eosals (Eosales.) 



Flowers monodichlamydeous ; corolla, when pre- 

 sent, polypetalous j carpels distinct ; placentse su- 

 tural ; seeds definite ; embryo amygdaloid ; albumen 

 little or none. 



1. Family. — Roses (Rosacea). Herbs or shrubs 

 leaves alternate, stipulate, often dotted 

 flowers occasionally unisexual by abortion 

 calyx 4-5-lobed ; petals 5 or ; ovaries 

 solitary or several, sometimes cohering into 

 a plurilocular pistil ; styles lateral ; stigmas 

 usually simple ; fruit 1-seeded nuts, acini, or 

 follicles ; seeds usually suspended. Chiefly 

 occur in temperate and cold parts of the 

 Northern Hemisphere. No species is un- 

 wholesome ; some yield edible fruits, as the 



