486 MANUAL OF NATURAL HISTORY. 



ovules solitary or in pairs, orthotropal ; style 

 subulate ; fruit of compressed clavate nuts, 

 terminated by a recurved style ; radicle in- 

 ferior ; plumule minute. Inhabit Barbary, 

 the Levant, and North America. 



2. Family. — Bread-fruit trees (Artocarpacese). Trees 



or shrubs ; lactescent ; leaves alternate, sti- 

 pules large, deciduous ; flowers in dense 

 heads ; male flowers, perianth 2-4-parted, or 

 ; female flowers variously arranged over a 

 fleshy receptacle, perianth tubular ; stamens 

 opposite, and equal to divisions of perianth ; 

 anthers 2-celled ; ovary 1 -celled ; ovule erect 

 and orthotropal, amphitropal and parietal, 

 or pendulous and anatropal ; style lateral or 

 terminal, often bifid ; stigma sometimes radi- 

 ating ; fruit variable, surrounded by a fleshy 

 involucre, or composed of consolidated fleshy 

 calyces, containing numerous nuts ; albumen 

 abundant or scanty ; radicle superior. Tro- 

 pical plants in both hemispheres. Among 

 the members are the bread-fruit tree, the 

 cow-tree of Demerara, and the upas-tree 

 Antiaris toxicaria. 



3. Family. — Mulberries (Moraceae). Trees or shrubs ; 



lactescent ; leaves often rough ; stipules 

 large, often rolled up ; flowers inconspicuous, 

 in heads, spikes, or catkins ; male flowers, 

 perianth 3-4-parted, or ; female flowers, 

 perianth 3- 4- 5-divided, often in two rows ; 

 stamens 3-4, opposite ; anthers 2-celled ; 



