40 The Amblypoda. [January, 
were not frozen, to be quite active. I have taken the common 
newt on several occasions in damp woods, under logs, when they 
appear to be frozen, but when placed in the sun or held in the 
hand a short time would revive. Early in March the woodland 
ponds ot this vicinity teem with salamanders of different species. 
In this part of the Ohio valley, as a rule, tortoises, turtles, 
toads and frogs are found hibernating; on the other hand the 
newts, salamanders and many species of fish do not enter a tor- 
pid state. 
Exceptions to these rules will doubtless occasionally be no- 
ticed, but from the present state of our knowledge of the life- 
histories of these animals they hold good. 
sA’ 
sU. 
THE AMBLYPODA. 
BY E. D. COPE. 
(Continued from page 1202, Vol. xviii.) 
DINOCERATA. 
N this suborder we have a series of mammals which are in 
some respects the most remarkable that have ever existed. 
This is true whether we regard the bizarre appearance of their 
skulls, their dentition, so weak when compared with the bulk of 
their bodies, or the insignificant size of their brain. We only 
know them as yet from the Bridger or Upper Eocene formation 
of North America, with a species possibly — the Wasatch or 
Lower Eocene. 
The characters of this suborder have been already pointed out 
(Vol. xvi, p. 1121). The differences from the Pantodonta are 
well marked, but the resemblances are such as to render it impos- 
sible to refer the Dinocerata to a different order. Their strong 
resemblances to the Proboscidia are generally admitted, but the 
few characters which distinguish them are of the first import- 
ance. These are, first, the very small size of the brain, especially 
of the cerebral hemispheres; and second, the double distal articu- 
lation of the astragalus, where the facet for the cuboid bone is 
nearly as large as that for the navicular. 
Within the above definition there is room for much variation, 
which, however, the known genera do not display. They agree 
in various points of minor importance. Thus there is no sagittal 
BO ee 
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