1885.] Geology and Paleontology. 7i 
country ; (2) a historical account of investigations of these de- 
posits; (3) a description of their structure, and (4) a comparison 
of the Devonian of Russia with that of western Europe. The 
author concludes that the lower stages of the Devonian are lack- 
ing in Russia, which has only the middle and upper stages. 
Carboniferous —M. Fuchs has brought together abundant de- 
tails respecting the geology of Cochin China and Tonkin. The 
carboniferous limestone is particularly well-developed, is of crys- 
talline structure, and generally gray or blackish in tint. These 
rocks are violently dislocated in Tonkin and at Tourane, and form 
crenellated inaccessible cliffs of most picturesque shape. The 
islets and reefs which border the northern coast of the Gulf of 
Tonkin, and which have for centuries been the refuge of pirates, 
are forined of this rock. Upon these limestones rest beds of 
clay-sandstones with layers of coal at their base. These beds 
spread over large areas, and are certainly more than a thousand 
meters in thickness. Some twenty species of plants, some new, 
others like European coal measures, have been described. M. 
Fuchs then describes the coal basin of Tonkin, which forms a 
belt about 111 kilometers long, parallel with the coast. Only the 
southern border of this has been explored. The best known 
coal regions of Tonkin are those of Hon-Gac and of Ke-Bac. 
Analysis has proved that the coals of Tonkin are combustibles of 
good quality, adapted to diverse industrial uses———W. Dames 
in remarks upon the supposed “Phyllopod” nature of Spath- 
iocaris, Aptychopsis and similar bodies, maintains that some of 
these are undoubtedly goniatites, and that others cannot at present 
be interpreted, but that among these last none are phyllopodous. 
Permian.—M. A. Gaudry announces that the study of Euchir- 
osaurus has been facilitated by that of portions of Archegosaurus 
= which have recently been found. Euchirosaurus possessed an a 
dominal cuirass, and was capable of powerful lateral motion, so 
that it was truly a reptile, progressing in reptilian fashion. e 
scales of the cuirass were very hard, and the vertebre had neural 
spines which not only had lateral processes like those of several 
American species, but was also furnished with articular facets so as 
to be slightly movable upon the centrum. 
Jurassic-—M. De Loriol continues, in the Pal@ontologie Fran- 
caise, the publication of his monograph of the Jurassic crinoids 
of France. Sixty-four species of Millericrinus alone have been 
described from the Jurassic beds, and twenty-six of these are 
new. All but feur of the known species of this genus have now 
been found in France. No modern species recalls in the least 
this form of crinoid, with its pyriform or even globular calyx 
mounted on a long stem fixed by numerous tendrils. M. Cot- 
teau.in a memoir of the echini found in the limestones of the cele- 
brated locality of Stramberg, in the C 
J 
