1885.] Geography and Travels. 287 
Jipé, a small elongated lake south of Taveta, and this lake is 
shown as having an outlet into the system of streams which flows 
from the mountain slopes to the westward. On the eastern side 
of Kilimanjaro the sources of the Tzavo gush forth at the base, 
but on the northern side stretches the great plain of Ngiri, once, 
as is proved by the ponds and swamps yet remaining, the bottom 
of a lake. Ngiri is 3550 feet above the sea. Nota stream de- 
scends from the mountain on its northern side. 
Lakes Naivaha and Baringo prove to be both of small size. The 
latter especially has shrunk, from the liberal dimensions accorded it 
upon the best maps published before Mr. Thomson's journey, into an 
island-dotted sheet about a quarter of a degree in length. Both 
lakes occupy portions ofa longitudinal trough, akin to that in which 
the Dead and Red seas are lodged, and running north and south 
for an immence distance; flanked to the east by the Kapté pla- 
teau, and westward by the escarpment of Mau. This depression 
was reached by Mr. Thomson from the south, after passing’ 
through Ngiri and through the Matumbato, a sterile but some- 
what watered and inhabited broken country with red soil. South 
of Naivasha the trough is occupied by a desert, and the caravan 
ascended the Kapté plateau for food and water, resting awhile at 
Ngongo-a-Bagas (6150 feet) near thé source of the river Alhi, 
which waters the country of Ukambani farther to the east. 
little to the south of Lake Naivasha is the remarkable conical ex- 
tinct volcano Donyo (mountain) Longonot. This rises 3000 feet 
above the plateau or 9000 above the sea, and the edge of the 
crater, which is about two miles across, is so sharp that a man can 
sit astride of it. Lake Naivasha is a comparatively shallow fresh- 
water lake, about twelve miles long by nine wide, formed by the 
piling up of volcanic débris across the trough in which it stands. 
Cones and craters, the steaming mountain of Buru, faults producing 
angular outlines, and hot springs, attest recent volcanic activity. 
Further north, at Lake Baringo, the eastern side of the meridional 
depression is formed by the Lykipia mountains, which rise nearly 
feet abruptly above the lake. Opposite tower the Elgeyo 
precipices to a height of 7750 feet, a northern continuation of the 
lau escarpment. The depression is here longitudinally divided 
by the Kamasia mountains. Lake Baringo lies west of these, 
while in the narrow valley between them and Elgeyo the Mbage 
or Weimei river runs toward the north through the Galla country 
to the salt lake Samburu. : 
Near Lake Naivasha Mr. Thomson, with a party of thirty men, 
left the main caravan, ascended the plateau to the east, here called 
Lykipia, and made his way to the foot of Mt. Kenia, hitherto un- 
visited by any European. The rivers of this region flow into the 
as yet unexplored Guaso Nyiro. On the way to Kenia a range 
of mountains, running north and south, and rising to nearly 14,- 
000 feet was crossed. These were | the Aberdane moun- 
