1885.] Life and Nature in Southern Labrador. 365 
which is discharged from the human body, separate the seeds 
from it, and roast, grind and eat them, making merry over their 
loathsome meals, which the Spaniards therefore call the second 
harvest of the Californians.” See Smithsonian Report, 186s, p. 
365. Baegert’s book was published at Mannheim, 1773. 
:0: 
LIFE AND NATURE IN SOUTHERN LABRADOR. 
BY A. S, PACKARD. 
(Continued from p. 275 March number.) 
FTER roaming over the island and making pretty full collec- 
tions of the insects, we paid attention to the marine zodlogy. 
Shore collecting is not as remunerative in Labrador as on the 
Maine and Massachusetts coasts. The most noticeable form is 
the six-rayed starfish (Asteracanthion polaris) which sometimes © 
measured twenty inches from tip to tip of its opposing rays; its 
color was a dirty yellowish white, not red as in the common fire- 
finger, also abundant. The polar starfish is common in Green- 
land, and is a truly arctic form. 
The common crab (Cancer irrorata) frequently occurred under 
stones, but the lobster was neither seen nor heard of; though 
common on the southern shores of Newfoundland it does not 
reach north into the Straits of Belle Isle. Among the worms 
which occurred at low water mark was the Pectinaria. On the 
New England coast it only occurs in deep water below tide 
mark, 
Dredgings were first made at the mouth of Salmon river, a few 
rods from shore, in some eight fathoms of water in a firm deep 
mud. The most characteristic shells were gigantic Aphrodite 
&reenlandica, large cockles (Cardium islandicum), as well as the 
pelican’s foot (Aporrhais occidentalis), which occurred of good 
size and in profusion. In the soft mud occurred multitudes of 
the neat little sand star (Ophioglypha nodosa), Another form 
dredged on rocky bottom was Cynthia pyriformis, or the sea 
peach, and large specimens were cast up by the waves on the 
beach. Every spare day was given to dredging, and having been 
deeply interested in marine zodlogy by the writings of Gosse, in 
England, and of Stimpson in this country, and having obtained a 
good idea of the local marine fauna of Casco bay, in Maine, it- 
was with no little interest and expectation that we dropped the 
