1885.] and their former range Southward. 481 
and have been unable thus far to obtain the sources from which the 
author drew his conclusions that there were contests between the 
Eskimo and Indians on Newfoundland soil. Nearly all the extracts 
we have made tends to show that the Eskimo were generally driven 
northward by the Indians and confined by them to their natural 
habitat, the treeless regions of Arctic America, whither the In- 
dians themselves did not care to penetrate. 
In 1811 two Moravian missionaries! explored the northern 
coast of Labrador from Okkak to Ungava bay, making an excel- 
lent map of this part of the coast. The expedition arose from 
their desire to establish missions where the Eskimo were abun- 
dant, as farther down the coast they were regarded as “ mere 
stragglers.” 
An Eskimo tradition of interest is mentioned in this book, as 
follows: “July 24th. Amitok lies N. W. from Kummaktorvik, 
is of an oblong shape, and stretches out pretty far towards the 
sea. The hills are of moderate height, the land is in many places 
flat, but in general destitute of grass. On the other side are 
some ruins of Greenland [Eskimo] houses. 
“The Esquimaux have a tradition that the Greenlanders [2. e., 
Greenland Eskimo] came originally from Canada, and settled on 
the outermost islands of this coast, but never penetrated into the 
country before they were driven eastward to Greenland. This 
report gains some credit from the state in which the above-men- 
tioned ruins are found. They consist in remains of walls anda 
grave, with a low stone enclosure round the tomb, covered with 
a slab of the same material. They have been discovered on 
islands near Nain, and though sparingly, all along the whole . 
eastern coast, but we saw none in Ungava bay.” 
(To be continued.) 
1 Journal of a voyage from Okkak, on the coast of Labrador, to Ungava bay, 
westward of Cape Chudleigh, undertaken to explore the coast and visit the Esqui- 
maux in that unknown region. By Benj. Kohlmeister and George Knoch, mission- 
aries of the Church of the Unitas Fratrum. London, 1814, 8vo, pp. 83. 
VOL, XIX,—NO. V. 3I 
