548 Kitchen Garden Esculents of American Origin. [June, 
fruits varying in size, shape and color, some sorts bearing yellow. 
It can be referred to C. annuum, and seems to be the oxheart of 
some of our seedsmen. 
C. fastigiatum Blume, syn. C. minimum Roxb.—lIt is the C. 
Jrutescens L. Spec. Plant., but not of L. Hort. Clif., to which the 
name C. frutescens is usually applied. It occurs abundantly wild 
in Southern India, and is extensively cultivated in tropical Africa 
and America? According to Miller it is C. indicum Rumph. 
(Amboyna), and the Cafo-molago of Reede (Malabar) which fixes 
its presence in the East Indies about 1700. It is described by 
Loureiro, and was in England in 1656. It does not appear to 
be among the species grown in American gardens, all of which 
can be referred to C. annuum. 
C. frutescens: L.— This has been called barbary, cayenne, 
shrubby and goat pepper. It seems to have occurred in our seed 
catalogues under the name of True Cayenne, but does not appear 
to be cultivated with us now. It was in English gardens in 1656.° 
and seems to have been called daréary from the size and shape of 
its fruit, which are like those of a berberry. It seems to be culti- 
vated and to have native names in Hayti, Peru, Mexico, India, 
Burma, Malabar, Ceylon, Yemen, Greece, Egypt, &c., and fur- 
nishes much pod pepper to commerce. It has been found wild 
from Bahia to Eastern Peru in tropical America In Ceylona 
red, a yellow and a black fruited form are known 
C. grossum Willd.—This is the pepper with large sweet square 
fruits, and furnishes many varieties and synonyms to our seed 
catalogues, and is considered to be but a form of C. annuum. It 
may be the ocot uchu of G. de Vega. It was, according to Mil- 
ler’s Dictionary, described by Besleri in 1613, by Bauhin in 
1671, and by Tournefort in 1700. C. tetragonum is a synonym 
by Miller, 1737. It was cultivated by Miller in 1759. Accord- 
ing to Noisette’ it reached Europe in 1548. It is called in Hin- 
dustani Zaf/rie-murich, and the fruit, as large as a small apple, is 
called by the English in India coffrie chili’ or, according to Fir- 
- 1 Pharmacog., 452. 
ih. 
R «¢, 
_ *De Candolle. 
5 Moon, Cat. of Ceylon Pl., 16. 
ê The type, but not our varieties in Hortus Eystellensis, (Besleri), 1613. 
Man. du Jard., 520. 
—— "Andie, Mat. Med., 1, 307. 
