1885.] Kitchen Garden Escutents of American Origin. 669 
purpose of making sauce.’ In 1844 the tomato was now acquir- 
ing that popularity which makes them so indispensable at pres- 
ent, writes R. Manning.” 
The summing of the above evidence seems to be that the escu- 
lent use of the tomato in America does not antedate the present 
century, and only became general about 1835 to 1840. At the 
present time sixty named varieties appear in our various seed 
catalogues, but many of these are synonyms. Of the sixty-four 
named varieties grown at the New York Agr. Exp. Station in 
1883, over fifty may be called sufficiently distinct for garden pur- 
poses. 
The tomato can escape from cultivation quite readily and be- 
come feral. In the fall of 1884 I saw “ wild” tomatoes growing 
upon the rocky sides of a railroad cutting in New Jersey, a few 
miles from Jersey City, and these resembled the red cherry. 
Unger? refers to their occurrence on the Gallapagos islands. 
Wilkes‘ mentions several sorts in the Feejee islands, but whether 
wild seems doubtful from the reference. On Ascension island 
they are said to have become completely established all over the 
island,> and Grant mentions their occurrence in Central Africa, 7° 
21’S.,and near swamps 4° to 5° S., the natives not yet having 
learned their-edible quality.® 
We have now completed our list of American kitchen garden 
plants, which includes the alkekengi, four species of dean, one 
species of cucumber, Jerusalem artichoke, martynia, two nasturtt- 
ums, peppers, potato, pumpkin and squash, purslane, tomato, sweet 
corn and sweet Mien. From the list of kitchen esculents recog- 
nized by Vilmorin; we can add the pine apple, quinoa, Apios 
tuberosa, aracacha, pea nut, ysano, claytonia, spilanthes, enotheria, 
strawberry two species, hop and oca in two species. Of these the 
pineapple and strawberry are rather to be regarded as fruits, the 
Apios seems rather to be included as a desirable plant for trial 
than as actually cultivated, and the hop is a native of both 
worlds, ; 
1 Me. Farmer, Sept., II, 1835. 
2 Hist, Mass Hort. Soc., 269. 
5 Pat. Of. Rept., 1859, 357- 
Gerda bet 576. 
7Les Pl. Potageres, 1883. 
VOL, XIX.—NO. VII. 44 
