1885.] Mourning and War Customs of the Kansas. 673 
head of his gens; Cu"mikase was there as a member of his gens 
and as a director; and Ijuka-gaqle was there as a member of his 
gens and also as a kettle-carrier, 
Only three were allowed to sing the sacred songs, Alikawahu, 
Gahi"ge-wadayiiiga (who died in Jan., 1883) and Paha®le-gaqli. 
Two young men, one of the Turtle gens and one of the Qiiya 
(Eagle) gens, attended to the sacred boiling (for the feast). 
Paha*le-gaqli sent Tadje-k’uwe for the sacred clam shell, saying, 
, Fig. 3. 
“ I will take the large covering and the large bowl too. Iwill 
perform a sacred ceremony. Go for them.” These objects were 
at the house of Paha”le-gaqli, beyond the person addressed. The 
clam shell had been brought from the “ great water at the east” 
by the ancestors of the Kansas. This was the case with all the 
sacred objects of the tribe, including the pipes and sundry roots 
used as medicines. The shell was opened and made like the face 
of a man, with eyes, teeth, etc. The above sketch was made 
by Paha"le-gaqli. 
