1885.] Mourning and War Customs of the Kansas. OF 
deity. Fig. 19,a dream song. There is a deity who makes peo- 
ple sleepy. Fig. 20, song of the small rock. 
Fig. 21, three songs of a tribe of Indians who 
who resembled the Witchitas. The Kansas 
used to fight them. The two locks of plaited 
hair are not symbolic. Their faces are marked 
thus: 
Fig. 22, two songs of the new moon. Fig. 23, ten songs of 
the buffalo bull. Fig. 24, planting songs. Fig. 25, cooking 
songs. The old man takes water in the kettle for boiling the 
corn and for drinking. Fig. 26, songs about walking with stilts. 
The Kansas used to walk on stilts when they forded shallow 
streams. Fig. 27, three owl songs. The owl hoots at night. 
All the men had picketed their horses outside the lodge be- 
fore the singing of the songs, and they had brought in their 
saddles, 
After the singing Paha®™le-gaqli lighted and smoked the war 
pipe, and then handed it to all the others. After smoking they 
slept there. When the sky was getting light, before sunrise, the 
men took clay which they rubbed over their faces. All rose to 
their feet within the lodge and cried. They ceased crying when 
the sky became white. They went out, put the saddles on the 
horses, mounted them and departed. Paha®le-gaqli kept far be- 
hind the others. All cried. By and by they reached the other 
side of the Arkansas river; then they reined in their horses and 
dismounted. Paha*le-gaqli took the clam shell and gave it to 
one of the four directors to carry on his back. Subsequently 
they killed five prairie chickens. Thus was life taken, and the 
mourners were satisfied. They went on till they reached a small 
stream, beside which they encamped. A fire was kindled and 
the two kettle-carriers who had made the small lodge at the first, 
went for water ; they gave water to all the warriors, who washed 
off the clay from their faces. They ate the prairie chickens and 
then started homeward. All returned to the house of Paha*le- 
gaqli, where his wife put a kettle on the fire and gave them a 
meal. All partook of it and then separated, going to their respec- 
tive homes. 
According to Nixiidje-yifige, two qlets‘age were chosen for 
each side of the tribe. They carried on their backs thread or 
sinew for mending their moccasins, and corn and squashes in 
