1885.] . Loblogy. 719 
Now the question is, where are to be found the relations to the 
reptiles, from which mammals have probably descended? I can- 
not look for the six-toed forms with paddles, Ichthyosaurus, 
Baptanodon (Sauranodon), Plesiosaurus, etc., for I consider those 
modified in the same way as the cetaceans. In the living lacer- 
tilians and chelonians we find the same condition in the carpus, 
pagan = Medicin und Naturwissenschaften. Jahrg, 1885. 3. Sitzung vom 
6. F 
Coy CE b, Fifth contribution to the bs capt of e fauna of the Perm 
forma tion ot Texas an e Indian Territory. ead before the American Philo. 
sophical Society, August 15, 1884. Palzont. Bull, No. 39, pa 38-41, p. 46. 
Marsh, O. C., ooe ata, a sites pE of an extinct order of gigantic mam- 
a U. S. Geo l. Survey, Vol. 1884, 146. 
2 ( Ranodon sibiricus, Selamandret ieee kappie Eepinen 
wosnessenskyi.) Wiedersheim. R., Die ältesten Form es Carpus und Tarsus 
keutigen Amphibien, Morphol. Jahrb., Bd. 11, 1876, Tar XXIX. 
*(Cryptobranchus, Menopoma, Rory ptr paranee Tapren, Hyri. Jy 
pik magi tees: ny fae ee a a anatom Vindobo 5, Tab. vE YN.: 
n, T., Note sur ne wee ge let thras du Cryptobranchus japonicus, 
Archives Néerlandaises i i » pp. 22, Fig. 2 (extr. 
rsheim, R., and PORDAS N Bemerkun ngen zu seinem Aufsatze. Die 
Mias Fondi des Carta & nd Tarsus der heutigen Amphibien. Morphol. Jahrb. 
Bd. 111, 1877, pp. 154, Figs. 2 
4 Bardeleben, R., Das os es edium tarsi der Säugethiere. Zool. Anzeiger, vi 
Jahrg., No. 139, 21 regs 1883, p 
Albrecht, P., Das A pE tarsi der Säugethiere. Zool, Anzeiger, vI Jahrg. 
No. 145, 6 Aug., 1883; pp. 419-420 
Bardeleben, R., Ueber das Intermedium tarsi. Jena. Sitzungsber., 1883, 8. Juni ; 
and loc. cit. (I have not been so site es till now to find this bone in embryos of 
man, n Insectivora, Rodentia, Carnivora.) 
oucq, H., Richaiebs sur la morph, du carpe chez les mammiféres. Arch. 
pi Biologie Tome V, 1884. 
Albrecht, P., Sur les homodynamies, e 
Ris osenberg, pn Ueber die Entvrieking der Wirbelsáule und das Centrale carpi 
Menschen. Morph. Jahrb... Bd. 1, 1876. 
TLaboiia, H, Recherches sur la riii du carpe chez les mammifères, Arch. 
de Biologie, Tome V2 : 
Baur, G., Ueber das Centrale carpi der Saugethiere. Morphol. Jahrb., Bd, 10, 
Heft 
Baar, í G., On the centrale carpi of the mammals, Am. NAT., Feb., 1885. 
rudiment 
carpale. The same condition I found in a skelet on of an edit. Chiromys madagasc. 
abductor pollicis ” represents this element. 
"I pek in a ani virg. of 15’ ™™, for which I am indebted to Professor 
rudim tibial digit consisting of two pieces, a tarsale and a metatar- 
sale, Conf, waibachen, K., Zur Entwicklung der Fusswurzel l. c. Rudiments of 
this digit are present in n the Monotr., Rodentia, Carniv., Edent., Insectiv. 
eg element probably existed in the Permian Urodela with five toes in the hand, 
=< will probably be found in very young Urodela. 
10 Conf. 7. 
u Conf. 8. 
12 Present in the Permian Urodela. 
18 Not yet fe 
1I regard the piece in Ce ere assert DR cascade considered a sixth 
tarsal bone, as the sixth metatarsal 
