1885.] The Relations of Mind and Matter, 951 
energy set free and consciousness called into existence. In this 
connection attention may be called to Mr. J. S. Lambard’s experi- 
ments on heat conditions during mental action. He found that 
emotion had far more influence than thought in this direction. A 
few minutes self-recitation of emotional poetry yielded more heat ` 
than several hours of deep thought. In the latter case the energy 
set free seems to have been employed in mind development. If 
the poetry was spoken less heat appeared. Here energy was 
used in muscle movement. 
The considerations here taken in regard to the conditions of 
consciousness, and the relations of energy to the mental organism, 
seem to lead to the conclusion that every organized mass, when 
its internal relations become disturbed by the inflow of discordant 
external energies, must feel some influence more or less closely 
allied to consciousness. But if the vividness of consciousness 
in any sense depends upon the mobility: of the organism, and 
the extent of the disturbance produced in its internal condi- 
tions, then it may pass through many degrees of unfoldment, 
from an excessively vague and generalized effect to the 
sharply specialized condition of human consciousness. In 
every case there is resistance to change. But ina rigid crys- 
tal the resistance is very great, while in a mobile mind it may be 
excessively slight, and disturbance of conditions be produced by 
influences of the utmost delicacy. It must be borne in mind, 
however, that in man consciousness accompanies action of energy 
on the mental organism only. Action upon the muscles, though 
yielding equal disturbance, is never attended by consciousness. 
us the peculiar conditions of substance which occur in the 
mental organism may be absolute requisites to this effect. It is 
also requisite to consciousness that the inflowing energies shall 
act only to modify the motor conditions of organization, not to 
produce disintegration, or to disseminate themselves as goien 
ized motions. 
With the lowest animals consciousness must be exceedingly 
vague and inactive. Their sensitiveness is undeveloped, their 
sense organs in embryo, the conditions to which they are exposed 
nearly unvarying. Most of their actions must be reflex. Yet 
some feeling of every new mode of impression must be expe- 
rienced, and this feeling attends and perhaps aids in every step of 
upward evolution. The frequency and activity of consciousness 
