1 885.] | Entomology. 999 
showing the guard cells, which lie at the bottom of the chimney- 
like structure. 
F. L. Scribner gave some hints upon the making of drawings 
from botanical specimens. 
Geo. U. Hays of St. Johns, N. B., sent a paper on the botani- 
cal features of New Brunswick, which was read by the secretary. 
e low temperature and damp air have affected the flora so that 
it is quite peculiar, 
Professor Bessey described his herbarium cases which have 
doors which are readily removed entirely, and which he uses for 
tables by placing them upon trestles or flat backed chairs. 
. H. Campbell described the germination of Botrychium 
Spores in so far as his observations had progressed. He succeeded 
in germinating the spores by constructing a box in such a way 
that the spores were under ground. 
He also called attention to the crystals in the petiole of Ono- 
“elea. 
. C. Arthur exhibited specimens of Nepaul barley (Hordeum 
trifurcatum) in which the awns take a hood-like development, and 
- in this hood additional flowers are found. The structure is very 
puzzling, as it appears that here a flowering glume (outer palet of 
the older books) bears flowers towards its upper extremity. 
r. Walker, of New Orleans, mentioned a case of degeneracy 
of Indian corn. Kernels of Nebraska corn were planted in a 
pot in New Orleans, and produced perfect fruiting plants only 
fifteen inches in height. 
The officers for the next meeting are John M. Coulter of 
Crawfordsville, Ind., chairman; J. C. Arthur of Geneva, N. Y., 
retary. 
The excursion on Monday afternoon to Tamarack swamp was 
very enjoyable, and to the younger botanists very profitable. 
ENTOMOLOGY. 
Dr. BRAUER’s VIEWS ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS.—In a 
work entitled “ Systematisch-zoologische Studien,” extracted from 
the ninety-first volume of the Proceedings of the Academy of 
Sciences at Vienna, Prof. Brauer, after a long introduction on evo- 
ution, makes many valuable and suggestive remarks on the fol- 
lowing subjects: The insect orders now existing did not originate 
om one another but from ancestors closely allied to one another ; 
affinities of Eugereon; the forms of insects the earliest and last to 
appear in different formations; hypothetical ancestral forms ; no 
Primitive forms connecting the existing orders of insects yet found; 
 hecessity of the dismemberment of some existing orders which 
insects into originally wingless, and secondarily winged or wing- 
less forms ; relations of the mouth-parts in larve and imagines or 
