1062 The Relations of Mind and Matter. _[November, 
down to its very chemical atoms. Thus by sensation and reason- 
ing the mind gains a very minute and complete image of the 
edifice, which it may review in part or in the whole, as it will. 
The building seems to be erected in the mind, by the ease with 
which it can be mentally taken apart and put together, and each 
of its parts called up as a separate and distinct image. 
But the mental powers can go much further than this. They 
can make different combinations of the separate parts of such an 
edifice and work out different results of the principles of archi- 
tecture, and thus produce a compound not existent in external 
nature. This is the work of the imaginative or constructive 
faculty. In both these cases we seem to have but varied combi- 
nations of the mental images or energies. But the new form of 
building thus mentally constructed need not be confined to the 
mind. It can be erected in outer nature by the aid of the hands, 
or of other minds and hands. Thus as the mind mirrors exter- 
nal nature, the external may be made to mirror the mind, After 
beholding the cathedral there exists an image in the mind corre- 
sponding to a condition of external nature. After erecting the 
new edifice there exists a form in external nature corresponding 
to an image or condition of the mind. Mind and nature act and 
react upon, and each molds and modifies the other. The illustra- 
tion here given might be endlessly paralleled, since it represents 
the general character of all the mental operations, 
Evidently, then, the process of development is two-fold. The 
mind is being developed under influences derived from without, 
and the outer world under influences derived from within the body- 
The mind and the universe are becoming counterparts of each 
other, the one in external matter, the other in that unknown sub- 
stance which is the basis of mind. Thus every mind is becoming 
a partial counterpart of the universe. At first this mirroring of 
the universe is very slight and imperfect. The mirror is of 
minute surface and very clouded in texture. But with the growth 
of knowledge it widens and grows clearer, and a continually 
greater breadth of the universe is reflected within it. If devel- 
oped to its utmost conceivable extent, it might take in the whole 
universe and constitute a reproduction, in its special and localized 
conditions, of all the conditions existing in the broad range of 
_ external nature. Like the monads of Leibnitz, each of which 
was conceived to mirror all others, and each from its own special 
