1885.] The Relations of Mind and Matter. 1071 
in our mind in its calm state, and the sublimate of ancient thought 
that forms its hereditary strain. The actions we perform, the 
resolutions we take, are greatly subordinated to this compound 
of influences, They exerta force which we call will. In emo- 
tional states, on the contrary, when a few thoughts, or a single 
thought, perhaps, are abnormally active and the general sum of 
thoughts driven deep into unconsciousness, the will is differently 
conditioned. Vigorous and often abnormal action takes place in 
response to these active mental energies, and in spite of a dull 
protest from the nearly banished judgment. The active thought 
takes the bit between its teeth and runs away with us. The indi: 
cations are that each conscious thought becomes an agent of 
control in accordance with its degree of activity, that the force 
resultant of all the thought activities present to. consciousness at 
any one period constitutes the will-power, and that the action of 
this will be normal or abnormal i in accordance with the ae 
or the narrowness of the agencies active in it. 
As for the control of the body by the mind, it seems almost as 
if the latter possessed an exact transcript of the muscular appa- 
ratus of the former. Desire to move a certain limb is accom- 
panied by thought of that limb. Does a representation of the 
desired motion take place in the mind ere action is exerted on 
the motor nerves? Is there conscious excitation of a region of 
the mind which is in direct cerebral connection with the limb? 
We do not think of the muscles, but of the limb to be moved. 
As the mind contains a conscious transcript of external nature, 
does it also contain a complete transcript of the body, and does its 
self. -performance of the action desired, upon its image of the phys- 
ical frame, call into activity that region of the mental organism 
which communicates with the desired muscle? If every portion 
of the body is in direct connection with a fixed portion of the 
cerebrum, as is probably the case, then each portion of the mental 
organism may possess a similar connection, and to think of a 
limb is to rouse that part of this organism which is in immediate 
Motor connection with the muscles governing that limb. Much 
of this connection must be hereditary, and its action a mentally 
reflex activity. Butcontrol of the body by the mind is in con 
siderable part acquired. It seems almost as if the mind sought 
out the body, and only gradually completed its picture of it, or 
brought itself into complete motor relations with it. - 
