1885. ] Geology and Paleontology. 1209 
cage aay E I Cope. Proceeds. Amer. Philos. Society, 1884, pp. 10-15. One 
superior molar. Hitherto only known from the valley of Mexico. From Mr. 
Marker 
EQUUS FRATERNUS Leidy, 1858. Æ. zau and? conversidens Owen, 1869. From Mr. 
Marnock. 
Equus ExcELsus Leidy. Approaches the last named species. From Mr. Taylor. 
EQUUS OCCIDENTALIS inih he most southern and eastern locality for this species, 
which has not hitherto been found away from posek and the Great Basin. 
One very eapi ain superior molar, from Mr. T 
EQUUS ? CRENIDENS Cope. Proceedings Amer. Philoeoph, ae 1884, p. 10-12, 
This or a nearly allied species is represented by a single, and 
the largest, superior molar tooth of a horse which I have seen or 
find recorded. The .measurements exceed those of the typical 
£. crenidens (which has not, so far, been found out of the Valley 
of Mexico), and there are some other differences in the distribu- 
tion of the enamel-folds. It is distinguished from the other species 
of Equus by the small diameters and concaved inner border of 
the anterior internal column, by the simplicity of the enamel-folds, 
and the crenate character of the margins of the lakes, together 
with the large dimensions. The crenation is less obvious in 
some specimens than in others, and in the one here noticed is 
almost confined to the borders of the posterior lake. The diame- 
ters of the crown measure: anteroposterior, 41™™: transverse, 
37mm: length; 120m 
Fig. 4, Plate xxxvul, represents the grinding face in outline. 
Of the five species of Equus of Southwestern Texas, four have 
been found in the pliocene of the Valley of Mexico, and one is 
peculiar to the Pacific coast and basin of North America. Of the 
characteristic species of the Eastern United States, Æ. fraternus 
and £. major, the former only has been found. (For. comparison I 
introduce Figs. 5 and 6, Pl. xxxvu, of three toed horses from the 
Loup Fork bed of Mexico. See Proceeds. Amer. Philos. Soc., 
Oct., 1885.)—£. D. Cope. 
List OF THE GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS OF SPITZBERGEN.'—-Qua- 
ternary system.— —Beds of sand and clay with remains of terrestrial 
plants, marine shells and weeds (some species not living at pres- 
ent on Spitzbergen, ¢. g7., Littorina littorea, Mytilus edulis, and 
Fucus canaliculatus), . pinana beds,” “ beds of the Reindeer 
valley,” et 
Miocene system —Sandstones, schists, etc., at King’s bay, Cape 
Staratschin, Cape Heer, Heer’s mount, Cape Lyell, Scott’s gla- 
cier, with more than 200 sp. of fossil plants, e. gr., Equisetum, 
Sequoia, Taxodium, Glyptostrobus, Pinus, Acorus, Iris, Acer, 
Platanus, Tilia, Corylus, Populus, Grevia, Hedera, e 
Cretaceous system.—Sandstone at “ the Ps" 4 ' (ice fiord) 
1 is Arctica, and the discoveries of the Swed- 
ish ay a K E. Nordenskol, C. W. Blomstrand, A. Nether. 
oP, Oberg and G. Nauckhoff. 
