that of the peak of the Illimani as 6,488 m. This height 
agrees well with the average given by other surveyors. Sor- 
ata is thirty or forty metres higher. Among other elevated 
peaks are Chachacomani (6,203), Hauina (6,184), Murudata, 
(5,120) Sunchulli (5,546), and Tres Cruces (5,504). All of 
these as well as Sorata and Illimani are in the department of 
La Paz. In that of Oraro are Sajama (6,546), Parinacocha 
(6,376), Pomerape (6,260), Azanagues (5,136) and Guanani 
(3,968). In Pobors are the peaks of Charague (5,603), Po- 
tosi (5,830), Nuevo Mando (5,949), Lipez (5,982), Taguegua 
(5,704), Guadalupe (s, 754), Esmeraca (5,406), Tazna (5,105), 
and Ubina (5,203), and in Cochabamba that of Tunare (4,726). 
The most elevated inhabited places are : Tolapalca (4,290), 
Potosi (4,166), in its highest part, Catamarca (4,141), and 
Oruro (3,792). The great tableland between the two ranges 
of the Andes has an average elevation of 3,800 metres. 
The mountainous part of Bolivia may be divided into four 
regions : (i.) that between the sea and the high plateau, poor 
in vegetation but rich in minerals and salts ; (2.) the plateau 
itself, also poor in its flora, but rich in mines of every class ; 
(3.) the region of the valleys formed by the lateral chains of 
the interior of Royal Andes, the chains which unite the two 
main ranges, and the buttresses of the interior range — this is 
a most fertile country with exuberant vegetation ; and (4.) the 
eastern plains, a land of virgin woods and wilds. 
Among the valleys of the third region may be mentioned 
those of Beni, Santa Cruz, and Cinti, the last famous for its 
wines. The yun£-as are deep valleys, whose temperature never 
descends below 21^ and rises to 45 C. 
In the E. and N. are the great flats of Beni, Santa Cruz, 
Chiquisaca, and Tarija. The river Beni and its tributaries 
inundate these flats in the flood season, leaving large lagoons, 
and giving rise to insalubrious conditions. More to the E. the 
Paraguay also inundates the flats of Manzo and Gran Chaco, 
forming the Tarayas lakes. Between the Paraguay and Pilco- 
mayo are great salt lakes, the most notable of which is Izozo. 
Some sierras arise in the eastern part, on the confines of 
Brazil, the most easterly that of San Simon. 
The greater part of the rivers of Bolivia are affluents of the 
Amazons or the La Plata, and are navigable. Only one river, 
the Loce, reaches the Pacific, all others are lost in the Ata- 
About a third of the population is white, the rest for the 
most part Indian or Mestizo. Among the higher classes of the 
