1889.] Geography and Travel. 145 
Guadalquiver. The highest points are, Estrella 1,209 m., and 
Rebollera 1,160 m. 
South of the Guadalquiver, the Penibetic system culmina- 
ting in the Sierra Nevada, though less continuous and exten- 
sive than the Pyrenees, attains in some points elevations 
second only to the Alps. The two loftiest peaks, Mulhacen 
3,481 m., and Veleta 3,470 m., are both near Granada. Next 
in height come the Cerro de la Alcazaba 3,314 m., and the 
Cerro de la Caldera 3,289 metres. 
Africa.— The Muni Question.— According to a paper 
read by Sr. F. Coello, before the Geographical Society of 
Madrid, (Jan 9, 1889) the rights of Spain in the Gulf of Gui- 
nea date from a treaty made with Portugal in 1777, by which 
the island of Santa Catalina and the Spanish colony of Sacra- 
mento (in Brazil) were ceded to Portugal in exchange for the 
islands Ferndo do Poo and Anno Bon, together with the right 
to treat with the natives in all the neighboring coasts, from 
Cape Formozo at the mouth of the Niger, to Cape Lopo Gon- 
falves, or Lopez, S. of the Gabdo. (The Portuguese orthogra- 
phy is here given). Portugal had the right to dispose of these 
coasts, not only from having discovered them, but from having 
occupied the Cameroons, the Gaboon (where some relics of 
the Portuguese dominion have been found), and some points 
in the interior. In 1778 this treaty was ratified, and a Spanish 
expedition took possession of Fernando Po and Anno Bon. 
In 1827 the English occupied the former island, but afterwards 
surrendered it, and proposed to purchase it for 1,500,000 
francs. This proposal was refused, and in 1843 an expedition 
took possession of both the above islands and of Corisco. The 
king of Corisco and of the Vengas tribes, who inhabit the 
neighboring coasts and the banks of the Muni, also acknowl- 
edged the sovereignity of Spain. No nation but France has 
disputed the rights of Spain upon the Muni, nor did France 
dispute them until many years later. In June, 1843, the 
French took possession of a' blockhouse at the mouth of the 
Gaboon, the site of the present Libreville, but all annexations 
since made by France have been to the southward. Various 
treaties, letters of nationality, etc., have since bound the 
natives of various parts of this territory to Spain. 
The first claim of France dates from May, i860, and pro- 
ceeded from the governor of the Gaboon. In 1883 the French 
openly claimed the territory, not only as far as the river 
Campo, (the northern boundary of the Spanish possessions) 
