1889.] The Segregations of Polled Raees in Anieriea. 68 1 
which I procured my first red polled bull, Brigham Young. He 
was one-half Devon, three-eighths short-horn, and one-eighth 
unknown blood. One of the best cows of my herd is exactly of 
the same blood — a beautiful red color, and nicely polled." 
Mr. E. W. Perry, of Chicago, informs us that about 1848 
Henry Carver took from Ohio to Muscoda, Wis., a number of 
white polled cattle. He used two yoke of white polled oxen. 
For a few years his cattle were bred pure, probably from bulls 
out of his own herd ; but wherever the cows were crossed with 
scrub bulls — there were no improved cattle there at that time — 
the calves came white and polled in almost every instance. All 
had black muzzles and ears ; and down about the feet and on the 
fore-legs a few black or brown spots, about the size of a dime to 
a quarter. About 1853, A. Palmer, of Boscobel, bought one 
heifer, and from her got a white heifer, polled. Since then he 
has always had some of them on his place. These white cattle 
were favorites, because they were very docile, large and rich 
milkers, and fair beeves, being of good size and reasonably 
I have made extensive inquiries into this matter in America, 
and I find that in all directions and in all classes of the " natural " 
stock — from the scrubs of the Eastern States to the long- 
horned Texan, almost extinct now in its pure-bred state of ultra- 
Uri type — muleys, or mulleys, or mooleys, are common. Usually 
they seemed to be regarded as something bastard ; and an animal 
fit only for ridicule and ill-treatment. Any amount of ill-usage 
they could endure, it was thought. They were of all colors. 
In a few cases, however, they were prized for thrift, and as pet 
milchers ; and formed a foundation for those who thought of 
naturalizing a local polled sort. 
The following, by Mr. Wm. W. Towne, gives a very graphic 
idea of the former status of polled cattle in America, and shows 
how they were given over to neglect — a curious contrast to the 
high position attained by the muley to-day : 
" Ten years ago hornless cattle in America, as a fixed breed, 
were almost unknown. The few natives seen were regarded as 
freaks of nature, their peculiar features not justified by their 
