734 T^i^ American Naturalist. [August, 
naturalists of AspidcBcia nouveani, a parasite upon a parasite, residing 
in the posterior part of the dorsal buckler of Aspidophryxus sarsi. 
Insects.— From the researches of M.J. K. d'Herculais, it appears 
that the locust most to be dreaded in Algeria, and, in fact, in North 
Africa generally, is not Acridium peregrinum, the locust of the Bible, 
but Stauronotus niaroccanus, an autochthonous species of different 
habits. A. peregrinum has its permanent home in Central Africa, 
probably in the region of the great lakes. Its subpermanent region is 
that part of Africa between the Sahara and its home, while the entire 
north of Africa is its temporary region, where it cannot maintain it- 
self more than two years. This locust arrives in Algeria in April or 
May in immense flocks, couples soon afterwards, and the females de- 
posit deeply in the earth, in damp spots, egg cases containing eighty 
or ninety eggs. Two months later the young appear, and continue 
the ravages commenced by the parents. In forty-five days they ac- 
quire wings, and take flight. S. maroccanus has a wide geographical 
distribution, embracing all the mountains and districts around the 
Mediterranean from Spain to the Caucasus. It is a lover of dry 
and mountainous districts. The winged adults appear in Algeria in 
July and August, and the females deposit at a slight depth, upon rocky 
and dry ground, notably upon hillsides with a southern or eastern 
aspect, egg cases containing thirty to thirty-five eggs. The young es- 
cape nine months afterwards, — i.e., in the spring of the next year, — 
and become adult in sixty days. This species loves rugged and moun- 
tainous spots, and flourishes where the winters are cold and the sum- 
mers hot; w\\e,xtd& A. peregrimum is a creature of the humid plains 
and valleys, and needs the heat of summer for its multiplication. 
Fishes.— The salmon taken in the rivers of Finland are in many 
cases found to contain, in the throat or in the alimentary canal, a 
copper hook of a form unknown in Finland. Among three thousand 
fishes taken between the end of June and August, 1883, J^^ ^ salmon- 
fishing establishment on the river Uba, twenty-five contained a hook 
of this kind, sometimes with a portion of the attached line. It is now 
known that these co])per hooks are those used in the north of Germany, 
where the salmon fishery is chiefly carried on in the winter. Thus 
some of the salmon of the Finnish rivers descend in winter to the 
Baltic coasts of Germany. A sea fishery of salmon is also carried on 
upon the coasts of Sweden, and in the island of Bornholm. In the 
Baltic, as upon the Scotch shores, it is observed that the salmon usu- 
ally seeks its food upon a sandy bottom. This marine fishery, which 
