The American Naturalist. [November, 
laciate. Aside from pulmonary actinomycosis the in- 
vasion is dependent on the presence of some lesion in the mouth or 
pharynx, be it a diseased tooth or distended ostia to glands or 
ducts. Not even a diseased tooth is alone sufficient. There 
must be follicular disease also, or the actinomyces do not gain 
entrance. Wherever the symptoms of general infection are present 
in man or animal, — far more common in man, — it will be invariably 
found that the invading actinomyces are accompanied by one or 
more of the pus-producing cocci, Streptococcus pyogenus albiis 
or aureus, or some really infection-producing organism. In such 
a case, then, we have a " mixed invasio-infectious pathological 
complex." I do not believe that a single case of actinomycosis 
in man was ever necessarily due to the presence of a disease 
animal. Men have been exposed to a common cause, that is a 
and have unfortunately presented some lesion which acted as i 
atrium to the actinomyces. A recently reported case where £ 
veterinarian is said to have been dressing a " big jawed 
and then scratched his own tongue with his thumb nail and ac- 
quired actinomycosis linguae (if true), was but a fitting punish- 
ment for so filthy an individual, and proves nothing but the pos- 
sibility of accidental transmission, which was known well e 
previously without such a disgusting and crucial test 
If actinomycosis is so " contagious," what about the thousands c 
horses pastured annually and stabled with " lumpy jawed " cattle ? 
If so terribly dangerous to man, why do we find so few cases 
when hundreds of men, not one with sound mouths, have been 
in contact with diseased cattle for years ? 
Another class of diseases of exogenous origin, but which differs 
from that previously considered, is known as malarial infectious 
diseases. They differ from all other exogenous diseases in that, 
while, like the others, local in origin, they always remain local ; 
their cause cannot be transported in the body of a diseased indi- 
vidual, and secondary centres of infection be caused thereby, nor 
have they ever been transmitted by inoculation. Febris inter- 
mittens is a striking example of this class. 
As of other exogenous diseases the micro-organismal cause of 
malarial infectious diseases also belongs to Hueppe's class of " fee- 
