964 The American Naturalist. [November, 
mean one thing, and that is the pollution of the blood by some spe- 
cific septic or toxic producer, let it be that that specific producer 
finds general distribution over the organism and develops or carries 
on its work in the blood, let it be that the producing organism 
is locally confined to its point of introduction (as in rabies, 
tetanus, etc.), where it produces the toxic (or septic) material, 
and from whence it is taken up by the circulation (lymphatic or 
blood) and distributed over the system, or let it be produced 
in some organ from whence the same effect is produced in the 
same way as in Asiatic cholera. Infection means the pollution of 
the system by something produced either generally, or locally, 
within it, and presupposes the continued production of such 
material for a given period by the producer, and its accumulation 
in the system both as a septic material and chemical irritant. 
I cannot accept a late attempt at differentiating diseases in 
which the production ofsuch an irritant takes place from the point 
of entrance to the organism as intoxicating diseases (tetanus, ra- 
bies), in contradistinction to septicaemic diseases, where the germs 
do not remain local. It might be well to call these forms of in- 
fection toxaemic, in order to distinguish them from the strictly 
septica:imic, where the polluting micro-organisms develop in the 
blood itself and thus pollute it. We have also others in which 
both phenomena take place, of which anthrax is an example. 
For me, intoxication diseases are those in which the organism is 
saturated by a given poison, which may be introduced in any 
way, but which is not generated either by any part of itself, or 
any parasitic organism which has been introduced. Poisoning, 
in the common acceptation of the term, is intoxication, let it be 
by morphine, nicotine, alcohol, or what not Intoxication does 
not presuppose a poison-producer lodged in the organism. In- 
fection does. Naturally, such a definition has no reference to 
uraemic or physiological intoxication, the nature of which should 
be self-evident. This form can well be called intra-organismal 
or^cumulative intoxication, while the first-named could be termed 
extra-organismal, keeping in view our previously-considered clas- 
sification of infectious diseases. Or, to speak with Hueppe, the 
one is obligatory intoxication (when the kidneys do not act), 
