192 General Notes. [ February, i 
névé into ice). He considers the cause of the increase to lie in the 
overcrystallizing (Uebercrystallisiren) of one grain at the expense — 
of its neighbor. The known fact that the melting temperature of : 
ice is lowered by excessive pressure and raised by extension, at: ~ 
counts for the plasticity of a crystalline mass; water produced by 
fusion at points where the pressure is greater is transported and — 
frozen at points of less pressure. It is further supposed that the 
crystals of ice present differences of compressibility in their differ; 
ent axes; hence crystals differently directed will have unequal i 
power of raising or lowering the temperature of fusion under presi 
sure, and some will tend to grow at the expense of others less 
favorably directed.—English Mechanic. ee 
GEOLoGIcAL News.—Professor Zittel in the Palontographics l 
for 1882, describes and figures a number of species of the ordet 
Pterosauria from the Solenhofen slate of Bavaria. He corrects ant 
increases our knowledge of the species Pterodactylus elegans 
Kochi and brevirostris, and of the species of Rham hyne 
He distinguishes three of the latter, R. longicaudus, R. gemmmgi ‘, 
and R. muensteri (— R. phyllurus Marsh). 7 
BOTANY. ee) 
New Species or Norta AMERICAN Funot.—itrula luteola= 
nucleate, yellow, when discharged on paper: 6-7 X 2/72 
Solitary or subcespitose. On the ground among fallen pine lea 
a 
Peziza ( Mollisia) incrustata—Gregarious and often Sumi 
fluent, sessile or contracted below into a very short stipes S 
immarginate convex, scarcely becoming concave, when sd 
of Funiperus virginiana lying on the ground. Newfield, ™© 
June, 1882. ae 
Dermatea juniperina—Erumpent sessile, orbicular, sooty 7. 
disk slightly paler when moist, margin obsolete, about 4" achi 
contracted below when dry, so as to appear substipitate, m, 
clavate, cylindrical, 100-114 x 15-18 ».; paraphyses "W 
scarcely thickened above ; sporidia subbiseriate, elliptical, nea 
hyaline, with a large central nucleus, 18-20 x 7-12 +- | 
1Edited by ProF. C. E. Bessey, Ames, Iowa. 
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