EEEN ae 
1883.] Geography and Travels. 403 
governed by Zanileh chiefs. Beyond the Bomokandi live the 
A-Babua, who speak a tongue akin tothe Monbutta. From the 
A-Mezima country, Dr. Junker went south, to visit the chief 
Bakangar; thence ten days east to Kanna’s, and thence north- 
ward to Tangasi, near Munza’s old residence. 
From thence he went three days east to the Zeriba Kabba, and 
thence to Gango and the head of the Gadda river in the Momvi 
country. On March 26th, last, he left Kabbi to visit Munza’s two 
brothers, who live beyond the upper Bomokandi. “If native in- 
formation can be trusted,” says Dr. Junker, “ the Makua is the 
head stream of the Shari, whilst the Nepoko, a river rising far to 
the east and flowing south, is Stanley’s Aruwimi,” and thus a 
a tributary of the Congo. 
The French are rapidly advancing their hold upon the Niger. 
Ahmada, King of Sego, signed in March, 1881, a treaty by which 
he placed his kingdom under French protection. A force of about 
1000 men is now organized upon the Upper Senegal, destined for 
Bamaku, on the Niger, and a railway which was commenced last 
year, is to connect Kai, at the head of navigation on the Senegal, 
with the Kila and the Niger. 
The Ancobra River and Axim Gold District, upon the Gold 
Coast, have been roughly surveyed, with a view to the construction 
of a road to Targuah, the center of the mining district. Western 
Akim and Aguna are rich in gold. 
Way, is that of Ouargla. This oasis is situated in a large valley 
which, according to tradition, was formerly one vast garden, con- 
ung 125 villages and 1055 artesian wells. Even now the 
Oasis of Ouargla, with the adjoining smaller ones, contains more 
1 450,000 palm trees. Artesian water is found at thirty-five 
meters (about 115 ft.), and the soil, like that of the schotts and 
~ Sebkhas ” around is quartz sand, more or less charged with gyp- 
sum and sea-salt. These salts are more abundant in the unculti- 
vated region, yet a certain quantity is needed for the prosperous 
Srowth of the palm. 
The strata around the depression are Quaternary, while those 
of the Water-bearing area itself are modern or recent alluvium. 
‘ver, abundant near the mouths of rivers and in lagoons. 
Rolland’s conclusion is, that the Quaternary deposits of the Sa- 
are those of a vast closed sea or lake.— Revue Scientifique. 
