486 The Polar Organization of Animals. {May, 
Rio Grande do Sul, on the contrary, there are few slaves, and 
most of these are on the cattle-estates of the south. The free 
_ laborer is honored because experience has shown that his indus- 
try leads to wealth; there are few large estates, and land can 
always be purchased on favorable terms, Formerly there was 
much jealously of the foreign element, but this has nearly disap- 
peared, Finally, the immigrant is contented and happy, because 
he can mingle with others of his own race, and because he knows 
that he is creating a bright future for himself and his children. 
THE POLAR ORGANIZATION OF ANIMALS. 
BY CHARLES MORRIS. 
E previous papers by the writer under the title of “ Organic 
Physics,’”? certain fundamental characteristics of protoplasm 
were considered, and their relation to the functional conditions of 
the developed animal body traced. There are still other basic 
conditions in protoplasm which are directly related to the func- 
tions of the developed animal. There is no just reason to doubt, 
indeed, that each separate mass of living protoplasm generalizes 
in itself all that we find specialized in the highest animal, and that 
there is no- condition unfolded in the man which does not exist 
potentially in the rhizopod. It is hoped here to show another of 
those interesting relations. Gee. 
The self-living mass of protoplasm appears to be a polar orga 
ism in a double sense. It seemingly possesses a lateral or chemi- 
cal polarity, which develops into the sexual polarity of animals. 
The self-division of the rhizopod is a reproductive function ea 
analogous to that existing in the developed animal, and the P : 
polarity of the former appears to be represented by a lateral gr 
' :ual polarity in the latter, the two similar halves of the eis. 
ing the two poles in a complete double-sexed organism — 
form of polarity has been considered in detail in the aga 
‘referred to. But there is another polarity, which in the rhiz ; 
displays itself im a differentiation of the exterior and the we 
functions of the mass. The external region is sensitive, the pa > 
nal nutritive in function. This statement has more in it pase 
at first sight appear, for it expresses an organic relation thats 3 
` ani March, F 
1 AMERICAN NATURALIST, June, July and August, 1882, Feoruary 
2883. 
