1883.] 
deeply encafioned rivers of this country were determined to a 
very great extent by their waters finding and collecting in great 
fissures, and that these fissures were formed during the late Ter- 
tiary or during the upward oscillation of the Glacial epoch.” 
PeNHALLOW’s VEGETABLE HisroLocy.!—In this little book of 
about forty pages the author has brought together many things 
_ which the beginner in laboratory work ought to know, and has 
_ done so in such a simple and unpretentious style that it cannot 
fail to be of great use, especially to those who take up the study 
_ of vegetable histology by themselves, and who have no ready 
teacher or demonstrator always at hand. The book contains, 
first, a short chapter on reagents and media for examination, In 
his the more indispensable materials are briefly noticed, and 
~ femarks are made upon the methods of using them. 
Ae second chapter deals with vegetable products. Here 
again only the more important are taken up. The physical char- 
acters are briefly given, and the various tests and the methods of 
making them are described. 
Next we have in outline a course of study for a beginner, 
_ Which is simply a classified iist of subjects for study, beginning 
__ with protoplasm, the nucleus, chlorophyll, etc., and ending with 
the minute anatomy of the stem and leaf. 
Three valuable tables are given, devoted respectively to cell- 
contents, cellulose forms, and plant products. These resemble the 
ssm use in chemical laboratories, and show at a glance the 
Principal physical characters of most vegetable structures, and 
their reactions in the presence of different reagents. ese 
__ fables will prove to be very handy for the beginner. A short list 
books of reference is given, and finally eighteen or twenty 
Pages of blank leaves are left for notes and memoranda. 
Ina Prefatory note the author announces that “ if there is suffi- 
aent encouragement, it is proposed to issue a second edition, in 
ich the plan will be much extended, thus making it of greater 
X rir tage to the beginner, and also useful to the advanced stu- 
X . With this end in view, suggestions from teachers and 
org histologists will be gladly welcomed.” It is to be hoped 
CE Pag time this promised enlarged edition may appear. 
a Luvs’ Tar BRAIN anp ITs Functions. — This translation for the 
os — national Scientific series will prove useful to many readers. It 
Recent Literature. 519 
ns 
i tog do duty many times under new names, and the skill dis- - 
Mar” Me use of Students and Beginners in Vegetable Histology. By D. P. 
x rgetable L£11Stology. 
Agric i > B.S.; late professor of cieatiy and botany in the Imperial College 
Svo, » Japan. Boston, S. E. Cassino, publisher, 1882. i 
Pe 327. D. Appleton & Co., New York, 1882. 
