762 Catlinite. 
mens of the stone, which he procured at the quarry, and which 
he has sent to me for examination, includes a large number of 
varieties, differing considerably in density, some pieces resembling 
clay in softness, and others approaching jasper in hardness. In 
this selection specimens are found of a light buff or rich cream 
`- color; others present the various shades of red, whilst some are 
of a dark ash or slate color. Pebbles of great hardness, which 
were found in the drift close by, present the same diversity in col- 
oring, and one example, of a deep red hue, is beautifully mottled 
with circular spots of a lighter shade. Many of the specimens of ; 
pipestone are variegated with small spots of a lighter or pink 
color, while others are buff on one side and flesh colored or dar 
red on the other. Says Dr. Hayden : “ This rock possesses almost 
every color and texture, from a light cream to a deep red, depend- 
ing upon the amount of peroxyd of iron. Some portions of it ae 
soft, with a soapy feel, like steatite, others slaty, breaking into thin 
flakes ; others mottled with red and gray.” 
An examination of the several varieties of the stone, however 
shows us that the deep red portions of the pipestone stratum are 
the finest in quality and best adapted for pipe sculpture, which 
fact will account for the prevalence of pipes of this color. 
It has hitherto been generally supposed that catlinite was only i 
found in one contracted locality—at the Great Red Pipestone 
quarry ; but varieties of the same mineral occur at several points : 
in Dakota, Minnesota and Wisconsin. Dr. White writes ofitas 
occurring at Sioux falls, Minnehaha county, Dakota, where it 18 
“ intercalated with the red quartzite.” Mr. Pratt informs me that the 
largest specimen block of red pipestone in the Davenport cabinet 
is from Blue Earth river, about seventy-five miles east — 
quarry, and Professor J. D. Butler describes a pipestone, almost 
identical with the catlinite of Coteau des Prairies, which occurs 
Sauk county, and also in Brown county, Wisconsin, at he 
geologist, writes Mr. Pratt that real catlinite is also foung, ©" 
at several points in Minnesota, in Pipe Stone Rock, Cote 
Watonwan and Nicollet counties, and sparingly at Po keet ; 
falls. He also mentions it as occurring at the Great Palisades, 
Dakota and in some parts of Wisconsin. Dr. Hoy," = he 
states that “there is quite an extensive quarry of catlinite 12 ge 
1 Am. Four. Sci. and Arts, Jan., 1867, p. 20. 
