868 General Notes. >» [August, 
Mammalia. T ` ` lowing list shows the character of the fish 
fauna: 
aant a he ec es 6 I species 
Rees oo ee REE ue a Pee os 
AET ET PREN Gi'e 6 whe ou Oo Oia, bei bre bie oats pk ee 
OPN as ck sigs E cobs pues paaueee een iS 
E SR Che a te Ss Ce ee ee ag 
Cobitide 7, J eis Se eee Low 
Silene ee oe Bias See Oa Sh Pes ae ee OE ee A) ere 
WERT ep ooo cas Cae oe om we De ow ee N ESE E S Bite 
Tota va CUT Pie ia Fen CaN ye Sis i 
Of the above, all differ from existing species so far as known, 
but three of the species which represent the Percidz, the Cobiti- 
dz, and the Siluride, respectively, have not been exactly deter- 
mined. All the species differ from those of the Oregon lake (or 
Lake Lahontan as it may prove to be). Of the families, all are 
existing, and all are represented on the North American conti- 
nent excepting the Cobitidae, which are now confined to Eurasia. 
But of these eight families four are not now found in the Amer- 
ican waters which empty into the Pacific ocean, viz., the Percide, 
Siluridz, and Cobitidz and Raiidæ, excepting that there 1s one 
species of the Percide in California. Five of the seven families 
have not yet been found in the Oregon fossil lake basin, but as 
two of them (Salmonide, Cottidæ) are found in the existing lakes 
of that region, they will probably be found in that deposit. 
The above-evidence is sufficient to prove that the Idaho Plio- 
cene formation is distinct from any formation previously known, 
covered in this formation by Capt. Clarence King. + sa 
named! Astacus subgrundialis, A. chenoderma, and A. ine o°4 
The mollusks of this formation have been described by £. Ð. 
Meek, and they, like the fishes, determine it to be lacus fos 
fresh, as already stated by Professor Newberry. The spant ‘ 
stated by Meek? to be distinct specifically, and in some gt nA 
nerically, from all others hitherto described from the West. King’s 
observes? that Mammalian remains received from fap ing 
expedition include portions of Mastodon and Equus exce. py ae 
Mr. Wortman obtained teeth and bones of the latter, an Fires 
non bone of an undetermined ruminant of the size of the 
elaphus. 
The ungual phalange of an edentate allied to Megalonyx was 
obtained from the same horizon and locality. dy, and is 
r. Wortman informs me that the bone bed is sañ oe 
_ both overlaid and underlaid by clay rocks of little pegs aes 
formation covers several hundred square miles in ; 
D. Cope. 
1 Proceedings Amer. Philos. Society. 1870, p. 605. L 
? Proceedings Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1870, 56. 
"I. ¢., 1870, 67. l 
oc, cit., Nov., 1870. 
