1883.] Leilogy. 885 
age races and the poor of Europe, reduces the size of the foetus 
and causes easy parturition. 
In a paper on the cyclical development and the relationships of 
the Siphonophora, in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History 
for March, C. Chun regards Monophyes primordialis as the stem- 
form of the siphonophores ; how certain other genera have arisen 
from this form is indicated; the very thoughtful essay is not of a 
nature to be condensed. 
meters; the other off the south of Spain, at 400 meters. The 
last is exactly like a Pliocene species that occurs in Italy. These 
and many other observations tend to show that a great number of 
Pliocene forms yet exist in the depths, and that the Pliocene, 
Quaternary and recent epochs are intimately related, and consti- 
tute a homogeneous period quite distinct from the Miocene. 
Arthropods.—In his contributions to the history of the fresh- 
water Copepoda, Mr. F. W. Cragin describes with much detail and 
with good figures some of our American species of Cyclops ob- 
served at Cambridge, Mass. Several descriptions are from the 
Russian, but the object of introducing them into the present paper 
is not made plain, as it is not stated whether they inhabit North 
America or not; neither are the Russian localities given-———At 
a recent meeting of the Linnean Society Sir John Lubbock read a 
paper upon the “sense of color amongst some of the lower 
Animals.” He said some years ago M. Paul Bert made a series 
of interesting experiments with the common Daphnia, or water- 
flea, and he thought himself justified in concluding that its limits 
of vision were the same as our own. Ina previous communica- 
tion, however, he had shown that at the violet end of the spec- 
trum the eyes of the Daphnia are affected by light which we were 
unable to perceive. More recently he had made further experi- 
ments, from which he concluded that the Daphniz are able to dis- 
