1883.) Evolutionary Significance of Human Character. gis 
Fineness and tenacity, on the other hand, cannot be regarded as 
being so much produced by use, as by very primitive conditions 
of tissue. Restraint under pressure might produce fineness. 
Long continued freedom from sudden changes, under pressure, 
might account for the origin of tenacious tissue. As to quantity, 
deficiency or diversion of nutritive energy or material must pro- 
duce smallness, and the reverse condition, largeness. 
These qualities impress themselves on the external as well as 
the internal organization, and can be more or less successfully 
discerned by the observer. I reserve the question of physiog- 
nomy to a later article, and here consider only the evolutionary 
bearings of character itself. As in physiognomy, we may arrange 
the faculties and their qualities under the two heads of ancestral 
and embryonic, or that of the species and that of the individual. 
The order of ‘succession is the same in both kinds of develop- 
ment. 
SPECIES. INDIVIDUAL, 
Indifference. indifference. 
Emotions. Emotions. 
Intellect. Intellect. 
a. Imagination. a. Imagination. 
b. Reason. b. Reason. 
It is not practicable to go farther than this into the order of 
evolution of characteristics. There is probably little uniformity 
of sequence other than that I have already pointed out under the 
head of the emotions. 
As a complex outcome of the emotional and rational faculties, 
must be now mentioned the moral sense, or the sense of justice. 
It consists of two elements, the emotion denevolence, and the 
rational power of discrimination or judgment. The former fur- 
nishes the desire to do what is right to a fellow-being. Without 
the aid of reason, it is benevolence, not justice, and may often fail 
of its object. The rational element has acquired from experience 
a generalization, the law of right. It perceives what is most con- 
ducive to the best interest of the object of benevolence in his rela- 
tion to others or to society, or whether he be a proper object of 
benevolence at all. By itself, this quality is absolutely useless 
to mankind. When it guides the action of human sympathy, it 
displays itself as the most noble of human attributes. Many ani- 
mals display sympathy and benevolence, but justice has not yet 
been observed in any of them. Hence it has been said that it 
