916 Evolutionary Significance of Human Character. [ September, 
cannot be a derivative faculty, but is “intuitive” in man. The 
objection to this view is its great variability and occasional entire — 
absence in man, individually and racially. It is the last to appear 
in individual growth, as it has doubtless been in the order of evo- 
lution, of mind. 
I now devote a little space to the discussion of the distribution 
of these qualities in races and sexes. 
As regards the relative preponderance in action of the emotive 
and intellectual faculties, it is an axiom that in the great majority 
of mankind, apart from the necessities imposed by the simple 
physical instincts, it is a taste or an affection or an emotion that 
lies at the basis of their activities. Perhaps the most universal is 
the affection of sex. Given two types of rational beings who are 
objects of admiration and of pleasure to each other, each of 
whom desires to possess the other, and who therefore employs 
many devices to please and attract the other, and we have an 
effective agent of general development. Then the parental and 
especially the maternal affections, arouse and direct many labors. 
Fear of suffering and death is at the basis of many others. The 
love of power or of possession, including ambition, in a well- 
known stimulus. The love of beauty is a strong motive in man) 
persons, The pleasure derived from the exercise of the intelli- 
gence is a sufficient motive for a life work in a comparatively 
small number of persons. These are the artists and the pew 
tists; but it is far from being an unmixed motive in E 
them. . 
Intellectual motives, however, enter into association with w 
affectional in many instances, as for example in the profession of 
teaching. But it is as guide and agent in the accom 
the main ends of life that the intellect, especially the reason, ; 
its great field, and displays itself in an endless variety of me : 
If we now survey men as we find them, it is a general pi 
that itis in the male sex that the greatest proportion of ra pe 
method is to be found, and in the female the greatest proporti bp ce 
of the affectional and emotional. As we descend the scale i 
humanity, the energy and amount of the rational element ge. : 
less and less, while the affectional elements change their we 
tions. The benevolent and sex elements diminish in eer the 
rapidly than the other sentiments, but it is probable that a e 
emotions are less active in savages, excepting those of POTE 
